Chapter 1 A New World “The two greatest and most important events in the history of mankind were the discovery of America and the Portuguese sea route around Africa to Asia.” Adam Smith, The Wealth of Nations (1776)

Classwork assignment for Friday August Study today’s PPT. Look at the links and then… 2. Mapwork. Complete map on page 36 (3 rd ed.) Spanish Conquests and Explorations in the New World, Be sure to include the legend at the bottom left of the map.

V. The Spanish Empire G. Las Casas’s Complaint -Rapid colonization followed exploration -Bartolome de Las Casas, a Spanish Dominican friar, wrote about the injustices of Spanish rule toward the Indians in his A Very Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies. (1528) -Criticized Spaniards for “shocking atrocities and cruelties” against the Natives. -He believed that “the entire human race is one.” -Opposed their enslavement, and insisted that Indians were rational beings, not savages, who could not be denied their freedom and lands

V. The Spanish Empire H. Reforming the Empire Las Casas’s believed the main justification for empire was converting the Natives to Christianity. His writings encouraged the 1542 “New Laws,” which forbade the enslavement of Indians Spain abolished the encomienda system, which had granted settlers the right to extract forced labor from the Indians. The Encomienda System (6m) Replaced with the repartmiento system, which gave more freedom to Natives)

V. The Spanish Empire H. Reforming the Empire Las Casas’s writings contributed to the spread of the Black Legend-the image of Spain as a uniquely brutal colonizer. Because of this reputation, other European powers, especially the English, felt justified in challenging Spain’s predominance in the New World. (Digital History—The Black Legend) Bartolomé de Las Casas "A Short Account of the Destruction of the Indies" (1542) Excerpt Pre-Columbian Hispaniola - Arawak/Taino Indians

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Spanish conquistadores in action in Cuzco

V. The Spanish Empire I. Exploring North America Spanish explorers, hoping to find new sources of gold, also ventured into North America 1513-Juan Ponce de Leon: claim new lands for Spain, search for gold, and look for the Fountain of Youthhttps:// The Expedition of Juan Ponce de Leon 1513 (2m) 1530s-1540s-Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo explored Pacific Coast Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo - Conquistador – Explorer (2m)

V. The Spanish Empire I. Exploring North America Hernando de Soto, Cabeza de Vaca, Francisco Vazquez de Coronado explored the Gulf region and the Southwest Francisco Vazquez de Coronado - Mini Biography (3m) Hernando de Soto - Mini Biography (3m)

V. The Spanish Empire J. Spanish Florida Florida, the first present-day U.S. area colonized by Spain, had forts as early as the 1560s to protect Spanish treasure fleets from pirates. Pedro Menendez de Aviles led a colonizing expedition to Florida. Destroyed Fort Caroline w/ 500 French Huguenot (Protestant) men, women, and children. Spanish missionaries sought to convert Florida’s Indians, without much success. As late as 1763, Spanish Florida had only 4,000 inhabitants of European descent. Pedro Menendez de Aviles Facts

V. The Spanish Empire K. Spain in the Southwest 1. Juan de Onate led settlers into present-day New Mexico (1598). 2. Onate destroyed Acoma, a centuries-old Indian city, in response to an attack. Juan de Onate Facts

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd Edition Copyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company Map 1.5 A Spanish Conquests and Explorations in The New World, 1500–1600

V. The Spanish Empire L. The Pueblo Revolt In 1680 Pueblo Indians, led by Pope (Po-pay), rebelled against the Spanish colonists in present-day New Mexico for forcing the Indians to convert to Christianity. The Pueblos attacked and nearly wiped out the entire population of Spanish colonists, destroying in the process all the symbols and icons of Spanish culture and Catholicism they could find. A dozen years later, the Spanish reconquered New Mexico for good. Eric Foner on the Pueblo Revolt (1m) APUSH Review: The Pueblo Revolt (4m)

Classwork assignment for Friday August Study today’s PPT, look at the links, and then… 2. Mapwork. Spanish Conquests and Exploration in the New World, (p. 36, 3 rd ed.) Be sure to include the legend at the bottom left of the map.

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