Control levels of transcription factor (TF) activity

How a TF activates the transcriptional machinery

Co-activators/repressors are required for TF function

Co-activators/repressors are shared among TFs

Estrogen action

Gene regulation by the thyroid hormone receptor

Structure of a G protein-coupled receptor

Hormonal activation of adenylyl cyclase

Synthesis and degradation of cAMP

Regulation of protein kinase A

Cyclic AMP-inducible gene expression

Regulation of protein phosphorylation by protein kinase A and protein phosphatase 1

Organization of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases

Dimerization and autophosphorylation of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases

Association of downstream signaling molecules with receptor protein-tyrosine kinases

Complex between an SH2 domain and a phosphotyrosine peptide

Signaling from cytokine receptors

Hydrolysis of PIP 2

Activation of phospholipase C by protein-tyrosine kinases

Ca 2+ mobilization by IP 3

Function of calmodulin

Activation of the ERK MAP kinases

Ras activation downstream of receptor protein-tyrosine kinases

Induction of immediate-early genes by ERK

Pathways of MAP kinase activation in mammalian cells

A scaffold protein for the JNK MAP kinase cascade

The JAK/STAT pathway

Signaling from TGF-  receptors

NF-  B signaling

Feedback inhibition of NF-  B

Crosstalk between G protein-coupled receptors and ERK signaling by  -arrestin