COMMON LIFESTYLE DISEASES: OSTEOPOROSIS EMS 355 By: Dr. Bushra Bilal

INTRODUCTION Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone density and deterioration of bone tissue with a consequent increase in bone fragility

INCIDENCE Osteoporosis is 3 times more common in women than in men partly because women have a lower peak bone mass and because of the hormonal changes that occurs at the menopause.

CAUSES OF OSTEOPOROSIS low calcium diet lack of physical activity family history gender( women are more likely to develop osteoporosis) ethnicity ( white and Asian people are more likely to be affected by it) excessive alcohol consumption smoking

OSTEOPOROSIS FRACTURE The most serious osteoporotic fracture is that of the hip Hip fractures typically occurs from falls, but may occur spontaneously Women are more prone, and incidence rates rise exponentially with age

DIAGNOSIS bone mineral density. DEXA ( a bone density scan) CT scan X-rays( in severe cases, a spine/hip x-ray may show fracture or collapse of the spinal bones)

GOALS OF OSTEOPOROSIS TREATMENT control pain from the disease slow down or stop bone loss prevent bone fractures minimize the risk of falls

TREATMENT Stop unhealthy habits limit alcohol intake quit smoking Prevent falls

DIET: get atleast 1200 mg/day of Calcium and 800-1000international units of vitamin D3 (it helps your body absorb calcium)

HIGH CALCIUM FOOD INCLUDES: cheese green leafy vegetables like spinach, collard greens low fat milk salmon tofu yogurt

Exercise Medications. It may include: Biphosphonates(used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in post menopausal women) Calcitonin ( slow the rate of bone loss and relieve bone pain) Parathyoid hormones( for severe osteoporosis)