/08/14 Flow of Matter and Energy 9/08/14 Starter: What did you have for dinner last night or breakfast today? Practice: Answer the Following flow of matter and energy Application/Connection/: Notes Connection: Mini Food Web Exit:What do the arrows in a food web represent?

Date Lecture/ Activity/ Lab Page 8/27Syllabus /Notebook Guidelines1-2 8/27 Periodic Table/ Formula3-4 8/27 Tools/ Measurement 5-6 8/27 Lab Report/ Investigations 7-8 8/27 Restroom passes/Homework Log /28 Testing a hypothesis /29 Levels of Organization /02 Symbiotic Relationships /03 Abiotic and Biotic Factors /4-5 Ecosystems Research and Poster /8 Flow of Energy Table of Contents

Agenda 1. Starter 2. Practice 3. Activity 4. Exit Homework: Carbon and Nitrogen Cycles Web quest due TODAY:

Practice Answer the Following thinking about that you had for dinner or breakfast 1. Why do we eat food? 2. Does the food we eat also need energy? 3. Where does the food we eat get its energy?

Application Flow of Energy Notes

6 Energy Flow Through an Ecosystem Food Chains, Food Webs, Energy Pyramids copyright cmassengale

7 Flow of energy begins with the SUN and PhotosynthesisFlow of energy begins with the SUN and Photosynthesis 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + sunlight & chlorophyll  C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 copyright cmassengale

8Photosynthesis Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose Chemical reaction where green plants use water & carbon dioxide to store the sun’s energy in glucose ENERGY is stored in glucose ENERGY is stored in glucose Glucose is stored as starch in plants Glucose is stored as starch in plants copyright cmassengale

9 Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called Organisms that can make glucose during photosynthesis are called PRODUCERS. copyright cmassengale

10 Producers use most of the energy they make for themselves. copyright cmassengale

11 Producers use cellular respiration to supply the energy they need to live. copyright cmassengale

12 CELLULAR RESPIRATION is the chemical reaction that releases the energy in glucose. 6O 2 + C 6 H 12 O 6 --> 6H 2 O + 6CO 2 + energy copyright cmassengale

13 The energy that is not used by producers can be passed on to organisms that cannot make their own energy. copyright cmassengale

14 Organisms that cannot make their own energy are called CONSUMERS. copyright cmassengale

15 Consumers that eat producers to get energy: Are first order (1 st ) or primary consumers Are herbivores (plant- eaters) copyright cmassengale

16 Most of the energy the primary consumer gets from the producer is used by the consumer. copyright cmassengale

17 Some of the energy moves into the atmosphere as heat. copyright cmassengale

18 Some energy in the primary consumer is STORED & not lost to the atmosphere or used by the consumer itself. This energy is available for another consumer (predator). copyright cmassengale

19 A Consumer that Eats Another Consumer for Energy: Is called a secondary or 2nd order consumer Is called a secondary or 2nd order consumer May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a predator May be a predator May be a scavenger May be a scavenger copyright cmassengale

20 Most of the energy the secondary consumer gets from the primary consumer is used by the secondary consumer. copyright cmassengale

21 Some of the energy is lost as heat, but some energy is stored and can passed on to another consumer. copyright cmassengale

22 A consumer that eats a consumer that already ate a consumer: Is called a 3rd order or tertiary consumer Is called a 3rd order or tertiary consumer May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a carnivore or a omnivore May be a predator May be a predator May be a scavenger May be a scavenger copyright cmassengale

23 Consumers that eat producers & other consumers Are called omnivores Omnivores eat plants and animals copyright cmassengale

24 Consumers that hunt & kill other consumers are called predators. The animals that are hunted & killed are called prey. copyright cmassengale

25 Consumers that eat other dead consumers are called scavengers copyright cmassengale

26 Decomposers are organisms mostly bacteria or fungi like mold, mildew and mushrooms that feed on the tissues of dead organisms (producers or consumers) and return or recycle gases and nutrients to the environment. copyright cmassengale

27 The transfer of energy from the sun to producer to primary consumer then to higher order consumers can be shown in a FOOD CHAIN. copyright cmassengale

28 Food Chains Show Available Energy copyright cmassengale

29 More Food Chains copyright cmassengale

30 Another way of showing the transfer of energy in an ecosystem is the ENERGY PYRAMID copyright cmassengale

31 Energy Pyramids Show Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases for higher consumers Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain Amount of available energy decreases down the food chain It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers It takes a large number of producers to support a small number of primary consumers It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers It takes a large number of primary consumers to support a small number of secondary consumers copyright cmassengale

32copyright cmassengale

33 Food Webs: Are interconnected food chains Are interconnected food chains They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem They show the feeding relationships in an ecosystem copyright cmassengale

Connection Complete a mini food web (use at least 6 of the pictures) with the following organisms on the next slide showing which way the energy flows copyright cmassengale34

copyright cmassengale35

/08/14 Flow of Matter and Energy 9/08/14 Starter: What did you have for dinner last night or breakfast today? Practice: Answer the Following flow of matter and energy Application/Connection/: Notes Connection: Mini Food Web Exit:What do the arrows in a food web represent?