Chapter 5: Section 1

Do Now: Find a partner and discuss HW answers Obj: Identify the ways geography and climate shaped Greek life Explain the rise and development of the Mycenaean civilization Describe how Homer and Greek myths contributed to early Greek culture HW: Active Read 5.2 Main Ideas #3-5 Critical Thinking #6

Vocab Mycenaean Homer Trojan War Dorian Epic Myth

The Sea Greeks “did not live on land, but around the sea” Most Greeks had to travel less than 85 miles to reach the sea Important trade routes Greece has little natural resources

The Land ¾ of Greece covered in rugged mountains Travel very difficult across land Divided Greece into several small communities Kept Greece from ever truly uniting as one country Group of Greek speaking people Very little arable landarable

Mycenaean Civilization 2000 B.C.E. Group of Indo-European people settled on the Greek mainland 1500 B.C.E. Mycenaean’s discover the importance of sea trading Travel to Egypt, Anatolia, Italy, Crete, and Syria Mycenaean culture mixes with Minoan culture and formed core of Greek religion, politics, art, and literature

Trojan War B.C.E. Mycenaean's wage war on coastal city of Troy (Anatolia) Legend talks about going to war because a Greek kings wife, Helen, was stolen by a Trojan Prince Unable to penetrate high city walls of Troy Greeks take over the city by hiding in a giant hollowed out horse Trojans believe it is gift from the Gods, bring it inside the city walls; at night the Greeks slip out and destroy the city “beware Greeks bringing gifts”

Dorian Rule B.C.E. After Trojan war Mycenaean's begin to decline The Dorians move into Greece\ Much less advanced then Mycenaean’s Forget how to use written language Leads to period of oral histories, called epics

Homer and his Epics Famous Greek historian named Homer (blind man) Tells Greek history with long narrative poems celebrating heroic deeds Trojan war is backdrop for one of most famous epic; the Iliad (Read excerpt)

Primary Source “My dear husband your warlike spirit will be your death. You’ve no compassion for your infant child, for me, your sad wife, who before long will be your widow…..As for me, it would be better, if I’m to lose you, to be buried in the ground….” Great Hector replied, “ Wife, all this concerns me, too. But I’d be disgraced, dreadfully shamed…if I should slink away from war, like a coward. For I have learned always to be brave, to fight alongside Trojans at the front, striving to win great fame for my father, for myself.” - HOMER, the Illiad (translated by Ian Johnson)

Greeks Create Myths What are myths? What are their purpose? Traditional stories about their gods Created myths to understand the mysteries of nature Example: Changing of the seasons Attributed human like qualities such as love, hate, and jealousy to the gods The gods lived forever atop of Mount Olympus

Arable – land suitable for farming