You only need a blank sheet of paper and a writing utensil. Clear everything from your desks. READING QUIZ

1.In “A Nomadic Life,” the author states that _______________ are the members of the family unit. 2.What is the role of women in a nomadic tribe? 3.True or false: Nomadic tribes could prepare for the future, due to their rich technological advancements and skills. 4.“An Early Agricultural Village” talks about the people of Jarmo. Did they trade with other groups? How do you know? “THE NOMADIC LIFE” AND “AN EARLY AGRICULTURAL VILLAGE”

 Respect, Responsibility, Responsiveness  Retest policy?  Can take up to 2 tests again (per quarter) if you don’t like the grade  The new grade stands, even if it is lower than the original grade  Talking?  Raise your hand  No side conversations (RESPECT)  Movement  Stay in your assigned seat  Don’t go behind my desk EXPECTATIONS

 Watch the following video clip about the rise of civilizations in Mesopotamia and copy the questions to answer during the video:  Video: From Nomads to Farmers Video: From Nomads to Farmers  1. What does the word “Mesopotamia” mean?  2. What two rivers was it located between?  3. How did Mesopotamian’s control the river water?  4. How did people become slaves in Mesopotamia?  5. What group has the highest/most important job in Mesopotamian society? MESOPOTAMIA

MESOPOTAMIA AND SUMER The Cradle of Civilization

 The Fertile Crescent  a band of fertile land that forms an oasis in the midst of deserts and mountains between the Mediterranean Sea and the Persian Gulf  Mesopotamia  Area between Tigris and Euphrates Rivers  Means “between the rivers” GEOGRAPHY PROMOTES CIVILIZATION

SUMER  Developed the first civilization  Large cities appeared by 3000 B.C.  Eventually formed city-states  A political unit with its own government  Religion shaped life in city-states  Sumerians practiced polytheism  The worship of many gods  Ziggurat – temple for the gods

 Developed the world’s first known writing system  Known as cuneiform  Produced using a sharp tool called a stylus to make wedge-shaped symbols on clay tablets  Keep business accounts and other records  Paid scribes to create written documents SUMERIAN WRITING

 Tribe called Amorites settled in Babylon on the Euphrates River near modern day Baghdad, Iraq  Hammurabi became king in 1792 B.C.  Most famous for his code of lawscode of laws  Important because it was written down for all to see  No one could lie about it or make up laws HAMMURABI’S CODE

 Harsh punishments against criminals  Principle of retaliation  Punishments according to social status  Punished public officials who failed in their duties or were corrupt  Consumer protection powers  Marriage and the family HAMMURABI’S CODE