Earth History GEOL 2110 The Cryptozoic (Precambrian) SuperEon

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Presentation transcript:

Earth History GEOL 2110 The Cryptozoic (Precambrian) SuperEon Part 3: The Meso- and Neoproterozoic Eras

Major Concepts After the formation of the Paleoproterzoic continent of Laurentia, new marginal terranes continued to be added to the “south” in the Mesoproterzoic. The most significant of these terranes was the Grenville which was a mobile belt formed by the collision of Amazonia and Laurentia between 1.2 and 0.9 Ga A major starting plume event at 1.1 Ga impacted the lithosphere under what would become Lake Superior. This brought on the development of the Midcontinent Rift – an aborted attempt at continental rifting. Toward the end of the Proterozoic Eon (~1.0 Ga), one of the largest supercontinents in earth history formed, Rodinia, which had Laurentia at its core.

PALEOPROTEROZOIC ACCRETED TERRANES Creation and Growth of LAURENTIA

THE MIDCONTINENT RIFT _______________ An attempt at continental rifting 1.1 billion years ago

The Evolution of the Midcontinent Rift 1,109-1,086 Ma 1,090-900 Ma

Fissure Eruption

Massive Basalt Amygdaloidal Basalt

Amygdules – Gas bubble fillings Chlorite & Zeolite Zeolite Epidote & Feldspar Thompsonite

LAKE SUPERIOR AGATES Gemstone of Minnesota

Formation of Lake Superior Agates

BASALT FLOW SURFACES Aa AA Pahoehoe HAWAII Pahoehoe NORTH SHORE

RHYOLITE The other volcanic rock type Palisade Head High Falls on the Baptism River Palisade Head Rhyolite RHYOLITE The other volcanic rock type Palisade Head

INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCKS Gabbro Subvolcanic emplacement of magmas Duluth Complex Layered Gabbro Beaver Bay Complex Granite

Origin of MCR Igneous Rocks

of the Midcontinent Rift SEDIMENTARY ROCKS of the Midcontinent Rift Cutface Creek Sandstone Freda Sandstone

LATE-STAGE FAULTING The Douglas Fault at Amnicon Falls State Park Basalt Fault Sandstone

Why isn’t Duluth a Sea-side Resort? Blame it on Grenville & Rodinia

Assembly of Rodinia 1200 – 750 Ma Li et al., 2008

Li et al., 2008

of Rodinia by a Superplume Deconstruction of Rodinia by a Superplume 750 Ma Li et al., 2008

Early Evolution of Life Chapter 9 Midterm I returned – PROMISE! Next Lecture Early Evolution of Life Chapter 9 Midterm I returned – PROMISE!

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