Bellringer: : President Harry Truman justified using atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 on the grounds that the A.world was ready for a demonstration of nuclear power B.Axis powers deserved total destruction C.early ending of the war would save many lives D.American public demanded that the bombs be used

Learning Targets U8T10- I can explain the significance of political propaganda used in WWII. U8T11- I can discuss the impact of WWII on women and minorities. U8T12- I can explain the impact of WWII on the economy. U8T13- I can explain the cause/effect of Japanese Internment (Executive Order 9066).

Homefront Vocab Rationing: limiting the distribution of food, gasoline, and other goods—so the military could have the weapons, equipment, and supplies it needed Zoot Suit Riots: racial clashes in Los Angeles in 1943 between mobs of sailors and marines and Mexican American youths who wore zoot suits Double V Campaign: black leaders called for all citizens to fight against racism by seeking a "double victory"—a victory for democracy at home and abroad Navajo Code Talkers: bilingual Navajo speakers specially recruited during World War II by the Marines to serve in their standard communications units in the Pacific Theater

Homefront Vocab Executive Order 9066: issued by FDR in 1942 allowing internment camps to be set up to exclude Japanese Americans believed to be a threat to security Tuskegee Airmen: a group of Army Air Corps pilots and support crews, established in 1941 as the first black combat unit Women’s Army Corps (WAC): a women's unit of the U.S. Army, established in 1942 (Navy = WAVES, Coast Guard = SPARS) War Production Board (WPB): federal agency set up to manage the conversion of industries to military production during World War II Korematsu v. United States: 1944 Supreme Court decision declaring that the government had the right to keep Japanese Americans in internment camps

World War II and the Economy With workers away at war, many positions were opened up and new jobs were created to make weapons, ammo, tanks, planes, and ships ◦Unemployment went from 14% to 2% Women filled in the positions men had left: ◦Welders ◦Factory workers ◦Construction Rationing affect what people could purchase for food

Rationing You will plan and create a 1 week grocery menu for breakfast, lunch and dinner from the list of foods. Your budget is $2 and you may only use 48 ration points.

Types of Propaganda: Recruitment Some were used to recruit Americans to fight in the War Used popular figures and some targeted minority groups

Propaganda: American Shaming Other propaganda was used to shame Americans who were deemed as lazy or poor workers One of a series of “Tojo” propaganda used to keep production up

Propaganda: Public Opinion These are usually cartoons that display what the average American thought. “Rosie the Riveter” –symbol for women’s strength during WWII (A riveter is a person who is in charge of nailing a plane together)

You will receive 1 page document describing the impact of WWII on a minority group. Read each paragraph closely and look for: ◦The main idea/topics ◦Key terms, people, or events ◦Other important information Using the information, complete 2 mini-posters: ◦Positive Impacts (on their lives and/or the war effort) ◦Negative Impacts (on their lives and/or the war effort) You will be responsible for sharing this info with the class. Minorities & Women on the Homefront

African Americans

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Went to the north for high paying jobs in the factories Pres. FDR signed an executive order that said no discrimination in war material factories Were still not allowed to vote Faced discrimination and racism from Jim Crow Laws (segregation)

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Double V Campaign made many white americans change their view of Af. Am. The armed services gave Af. Am. more opportunities to be involved in the military. June 25 th, 1941 outlawing discrimination in defense contracts in factories Gave them higher paying jobs Suffered from lack of housing Suffered from lack of social services Still being discriminated against Jim Crow laws still created segregation throughout the U.S.

Mexican Americans

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts ½ million Mex. Am joined the armed forces Many Mexicans were given temporary work visas to come help in factories Most lived in secluded impoverished neighborhoods Mexican Am. Youths were targeted by their clothes in the Zoot Suit Riots where they fought with Navy sailors

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts To prove their loyalty and become part of mainstream they joined the army they received many combat awards Since men left for the war high paying factory jobs were available Barrios (neighborhoods) developed in poor and rundown parks Hostility formed between sailors and Mexican American youths There were (Zoot suit riots) riots and police did not break them up

Native Americans

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Joined the army and were in charge of all major communication Many left the reservation to find better paying jobs in war industries Nat’t gov’t took natural resources from Na. Am. land without paying them Since many left the reservations they became assimilated and lost their Na. Am. culture

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Migration led to new vocational skills and increased cultural awareness in dealing with non-indians In charge of all major battlefield communications while Americans were fighting in the pacific against the Japanese Decrease in tribal awareness and a decrease in Native- American culture Loss of security in and at the reservation Many left the migrations Gov’t took natural resources location on reservations w/out approval or monetary gift to Na. Am.

Women

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Women started working in the military industries Working outside the home increased their confidence, independence, and pay Faced hostility on the job Worked a double shift- all day in the factory / all night at home Since the women were working children got into trouble with law and were truant

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts New opportunities for women in the workplace (ammo, tank, airplane factories) Tough physical labor increased women’s self confidence, independence, and income Hostility on the job, Af. Am. women faced discrimination and lower pay Hardship of working a double-shift Juvenile delinquency and truancy increased b/c mothers were at work and not at home

Japanese Americans

Debrief Positive Impacts Negative Impacts They earned more medals in the army than any other group in history Didn’t have political power Were forced into internment camps Only could take 1 bag, lost their home, lost their jobs Camps located in SW (AZ, NV) HOT AND DRY

Debrief Positive ImpactsNegative Impacts Internment camps kept them from the angry public Were not forced to work and could go to school After internment camps were dismantled they joined the army Before internment camps had to register as enemy aliens and carry an ID card No cameras, guns, or radios Needed a travel permit to leave 5 mi from home Lost everything before being taken to interment camps