Introduction to Usability By : Sumathie Sundaresan.

Overview How to define usability How, when and where can we improve it? Why should we care?

Definition of Usability Usability is a quality attribute that assesses how easy user interfaces are to use The word usability also refers to methods for improving ease-of-use during design process

Quality components Learnability –Easy for users to accomplish basic tasks the first time they encounter the design Efficiency –How quickly users perform the tasks Memorability –When users return to the design after a period of not using it, how easily can they re establish proficiency?

Quality Components Errors –How many errors do users make, how severe are these errors, and how easily can they recover from the errors? Satisfaction –How pleasant is it to use the design?

Key Quality Utility –which refers to the design's functionality: Does it do what users need? Usability and Utility are equally important

Why usability is important... usability is a necessary condition for survival If a website is difficult to use, people leave If the home page fails to clearly state what a company offers and what users can do on the site, people leave. If users get lost on a website, they leave If a website's information is hard to read or doesn't answer users' key questions, they leave

Home page Usability A company's homepage is its face to the world and the starting point for most user visits. Improving our homepage multiplies the entire website's business value Home pages are the most valuable real estate in the world. Each year, companies and individuals funnel millions of dollars through a space that's not even a square foot in size.

Make the Site's Purpose Clear: Include a One-Sentence Tag line –Start the page with a tagline that summarizes what the site or company does, especially if we are new or less than famous Write a Window Title with Good Visibility in Search Engines and Bookmark Lists –Begin the title tag with the company name, followed by a brief description of the site Group all Corporate Information in One Distinct Area –Good corporate information is especially important if the site hopes to support recruiting, investor relations, or PR, but it can also serve to increase a new or lesser-known company's credibility.

Help Users Find What They Need Emphasize the Site's Top High-Priority Tasks –our homepage should offer users a clear starting point for the main one to four tasks they'll undertake when visiting our site Include a Search Input Box –Search is an important part of any big website. When users want to search, they typically scan the homepage looking for "the little box where I can type," so our search should be a box

Reveal Site Content Show Examples of Real Site Content Begin Link Names with the Most Important Keyword Offer Easy Access to Recent Homepage Features Use Meaningful Graphics

...Why usability is important The first law of e-commerce is that if users cannot find the product, they cannot buy it either. For intranets, usability is a matter of employee productivity. Time users waste being lost on your intranet or pondering difficult instructions is money you waste by paying them to be at work without getting work done.

How to improve usability... Get hold of some representative users, such as customers for an e-commerce site or employees for an intranet (in the latter case, they should work outside our department)‏ Ask the users to perform representative tasks with the design Observe what the users do, where they succeed, and where they have difficulties with the user interface. Shut up and let the users do the talking.

...how to improve usability Test users individually and let them solve solve any problems on their own. Helping leads to contaminated test results.

How to improve usability... Testing five users is enough Run many small tests and revise the design between each one so we can fix the usability flaws as we found them Iterative design is the best way to increase the quality of user experience The more versions and interface ideas we test is the better

When to work on Usability Usability plays a role in each stage of the design process The following are the main steps Before starting the new design, test the old design to identify the good parts that we should keep or emphasize, and the bad parts that give users trouble.

When to work on Usability Unless you're working on an intranet, test our competitors' designs to get cheap data on a range of alternative interfaces that have similar features to our own. (If you work on an intranet, read the intranet design manuals to learn from other designs.) Conduct a field study to see how users behave in their natural habitat

When to work on Usability Make paper prototypes of one or more new design ideas and test them. The less time we invest in these design ideas the better, because we'll need to change them all based on the test results. Refine the design ideas that test best through multiple iterations, gradually moving from low-fidelity prototyping to high-fidelity representations that run on the computer. Test each iteration.

When to work on Usability Inspect the design relative to established usability guidelines, whether from our own earlier studies or published research. Once we decide on and implement the final design, test it again. Subtle usability problems always creep in during implementation.

When to test If we run at least one user study per week, it's worth building a dedicated usability laboratory. For most companies, however, it's fine to conduct tests in a conference room or an office -- as long as we can close the door to keep out distractions. What matters is that you get hold of real users and sit with them while they use the design. A notepad is the only equipment you need.

Thank you