Lesson 30 WW II: The Pacific – Rolling Back the Perimeter.

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Presentation transcript:

Lesson 30 WW II: The Pacific – Rolling Back the Perimeter

Lesson Objectives Understand and analyze the Japanese and American strategies for the war in the Pacific and Asia. Analyze the impact of the military revolution during the interwar years on the war in the Pacific theater. Become familiar with the timeline of events in the Pacific war. Interpret and analyze the two U.S. strategies for rolling back Japanese’s defensive perimeter.

US Strategy Isolate Japan Roll back defensive perimeter Southwestern Pacific Central Pacific Destroy industrial capability, will to fight Invade home islands

Maps.com US Strategy Roll back defensive perimeter Isolate Japan

Two Routes to Japan

Pacific Commanders MacArthur, Roosevelt, Nimitz July 1944

Pacific Commanders MacArthur, Roosevelt, Nimitz July 1944

Island Hopping History Animated May 42 – Aug 45 Nov 43 – Feb 44 Jun-Aug 44 Feb-Mar 45 = Bypassed Japanese Bases Rabaul

Lessons from Dieppe Need: Specialized vehicles Increased fire support Specialized landing craft Alternative to capturing a port Review  Not usually a factor in island hopping  Campaigns limited in scope

Carrier War

The documentary follows the WWII exploits of the Essex-class aircraft carrier USS Yorktown (CV-10) (unidentified in the film), in its first major operations following its commissioning in The life of the crew is documented from July 1943 to June 1944, from its passage through the Panama Canal through assaults on Marcus, Kwajalein, Truk and Tinian Islands, and culminating with the Battle of the Philippine Sea. ( 1:00:51 )

Amphibious War Doctrine LTV-2 LTV(A)-4 Specialized Vehicles Amphibious Tractors

Amphibious War Doctrine LCM[R] Fire Support

Battle for Tarawa Gilbert Islands, November 1943 Why Tarawa? Needed for B-29 Bases Needed to support Marianas Needed to support Marshalls

Orientation of following aerial photo

Tarawa Atoll Betio Island

Tarawa First assault on a heavily defended island in the Pacific War After three hour bombardment, assault force headed to beach Planners had not accounted for neap tide (reduced flow) Not enough water over reef for landing craft (Higgins boats) Amtracs able to proceed, but many Marines forced to wade

Tarawa

“Bloody Tarawa”

Tarawa 24 November 1943

Tarawa Forces Committed: US: 35,000 Marines & Army Japan: 2,600 Imperial Marines Losses: US: 1,019 killed, 2,101 woundedJapan: 4,690 killed 146 captured ~ 2,200 laborers Marines re-evaluated doctrine & procedures With the Marines at Tarawa

Philippines MacArthur returns to the Philippines

Lesson 31 WW II: The Pacific – Total War Next: