Viola Läänerand & Taavi Kruus 14.03.2013 HOW IT WORKS? Viola Läänerand & Taavi Kruus 14.03.2013

Estonian prisons Tartu (max 938 places) Adult males and females held in custody; convicted adult males Tallinn (max 1190 places) Convicted males; adult males and females held in custody Viru (max 1100 places) Convicted adult males and minors; adult males held in custody Harku and Murru (max 304 places) Female and male convicted prisoners

Most common possibilities for substitution of/ release from imprisonment Probation supervision “Shock” imprisonment with probation supervision Release on parole with probation supervision Probation supervision after fully served imprisonment Substitution of imprisonment by community service (with probation supervision) Substitution of imprisonment by electronic monitoring or by addiction treatment

Risk assessment tool Gather as many information about offender as possible (incl. social background, previous criminal behavior, personality etc) Risk – possibility that offender commit a new crime (recidivism) Dangerousness – possibility that offender commit a new offense against the person.

Dangerousness The law doesn’t define high risk and dangerousness as such Assessment is made ​​on the basis of the gathered information 4 levels- low, medium, high, very high

Period of the offender sentence Release phase Main phase Reception phase Transfer to open prison – in order that main risk(s) is reduced, exsept high risk of harm offender Transfer to open prison 18 months before releasement, including high risk of harm offender Serving sentence in the closed prison Assessment, planning, composing the sentence plan Intensive intervention – implement of sentence plan e.g studies, work, individual/ group consulting, treatment Preparation of releasement – application of documents, consulting 6 months berore parole 6

Male, 30 Offence - murder Punishment - 10 years imprisonment First case Male, 30  Offence - murder   Punishment - 10  years imprisonment

Reception phase Risk evaluation (once a year before sentence plan) Placing and case manager Composing the sentence plan (overall the sentence and punctual once a year)

Main phase Intensive intervention: school, work, individual and group programs, consulting

Release phase Parole on first degree offence: 1/2 served (optional)- person applies for it and agrees with electronic monitoring 2/3 served (automatic)- process starts whether inmate wants it or not Open prison

Second case Male , 35  Offence -  robbery   Punishment - 5  years imprisonment  ( right now is person in open prison)

Open prison Short sentences - if imposed sentence doesn’t exceed one year and the intake phase to the prison is ended, person’s dangerousness is evaluated not high or very high, person is not an addict. Prior release - if unserved part of the sentence doesn’t exceed 18 months and offender has served sentence up to early release date, person’s dangerousness is evaluated not very high, person is not an addict. On the basis of the individual sentence plan - if person’s dangerousness is evaluated not high or very high, he has fulfilled individual sentence plan objectives or made efforts to fulfil them, if diagnosed to be addicted he’s agreed with treatment and is not in rehabilitation phase. Additional conditiond must be fulfilled

Third case Male , 25 Offence -aggravated breach by using violence  Punishment – 2  years  imprisonment (3 months of that shock imprisonment)  conditionally with probation term 2,5 years. Additional obligation not to consume alcohol or narcotics.

Probationer has to observe the following requirements: To reside in a permanent place of residence determined by the court; To report at intervals determined by the probation supervisor at the probation supervision department; To submit, in his or her place of residence, to the supervision of the probation officer and provide the probation officer with information relating to the performance of the offender's obligations and his or her means of subsistence; To obtain the permission of the probation officer before leaving the place of residence for longer than fifteen days in the territory of Estonia; To obtain the permission of the probation officer before changing residence, employment or place of study. To obtain the permission of the probation officer to leave the territory of Estonia and to stay outside of Estonian territory.

The court may impose the following additional obligations : To remedy the damage caused by the criminal offence within a term determined by the court; Not to consume alcohol or narcotics; Not to hold, carry or use weapons; To seek employment, acquire general education or a profession within the term determined by the court; To undergo the prescribed treatment if the probationer has previously consented to such treatment; To perform the maintenance obligation; Not to stay in places determined by the court or communicate with persons determined by the court; To participate in social assistance programmes; To submit to electronic surveillance if the offender has previously consented to such surveillance.

Sentence planning 6 months beginning 1 month 9 months 12months At least 10 appointments (Intensive intervention) New risk assessment and sentence plan Appointments frequency differs 4 appointments Assessment, planning Feedback, analysis Rehabilitation programmes Keeping achieved results

Our Future Treatment and intervention model Low - Monitoring Medium - Help High - Change Very high - Control