Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties EQ: What factors define power struggles and stable periods of rule?  Chapter 5, Lesson 1 pg. 82

Home Learning: Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Vocabulary Write the following vocabulary words. Define them for Home Learning: scholar-gentry Silk Road (in the reading) Grand Canal (in the reading) Confucius civil servant (find online) dowry

Bell Ringer: Lesson Preview Turn to pg. 82-86 Preview Chapter 5, Lesson 1 Write a paragraph about what you think the Lesson is about.

Activity: Geography Connection. Answer the two questions on pg. 83. And the following: 3. Identify two physical features on the map. 4. What are China’s three major rivers called?

Confucius (501-479 BC) Philosopher and teacher Social Relations: People and Politics People: Should obey the law, do what the Emperor told them to do. Government- should do its duty to the people, and not abuse them. The Emperor should be cooperative and helpful to the people. His idea influence Chinese society and the rest of the world. If a person not fit to rule—overthrow the Emperor (he loses the “Mandate of Heaven”)

Reading: Review Questions Read pg. 82-83 “Three Dynasties” and answer the following in complete sentences. Examine: Identify and explain one accomplishment (contribution) of each of the three dynasties.

Sui Dynasty (581-618 AD) Unification: Sui Dynasty reunified China after hundred years of disorder. Grand Canal Building: Emperor Sui Yangdi completed the Grand Canal—linked Huang He and Yangtze rivers. Facilitated trade between northern and southern China. Cruelty and rebellion: Sui Yangdi angered his people Forced labor on the Grand Canal Levying high taxes to fund his lavish court. This led to a rebellion that ended the Sui dynasty. Sui Yangdi comes to power following the three kingdoms, period – a period of chaos in China much like the Warring states period. He went on a large campaign of expansion. He used forced labor and high taxes to pay for these campaigns, as well as to build the Grand Canal. Eventually these policies led to his overthrow. *Show Grand Canal video clip from Engineering an Empire after this slide! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LuSrV-LywWQ

Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD) Tang dynasty followed Land reform: Tang rulers weakened the power of large landholders by giving land to peasants. Government reform: Tang emperors reinstituted civil service exams to staff the government. The exams were based on the teachings of Confucius. Restoring China's influence: Tang established peace in northwestern China and extended China's control into Tibet. Corruption, rebellion, and collapse: Toward the end of the Tang dynasty, emperors became unpopular because of government corruption. A series of rebellions ensued, leading to the collapse of the empire.

Chinese Society Under the Tang Education becomes important. Reading becomes popular after invention of woodblock printing. Old landed aristocracy replaced by scholar-gentry Aristocrats schooled in Confucian principles Treatment of women Female children seen as less desirable than male children. Female infants would be killed during famines. Marriage Woman became part of male’s family. Her family must provide a dowry

Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD) Song Dynasty followed the Tang Dynasty. Internal stability: Song dynasty was notable for the prosperity and rich cultural life. Trade increased. Create fleet of large ships that navigate with charts and compasses. Invasions from the north: The Song were unable to contain invasions from China's northern neighbors. The Mongols, overwhelmed Song defenses in the late 1200s and controlled all of China within decades.  The Song used gunpowder as a weapon in siege warfare, foreign trade expanded greatly, and the Chinese had the best ships in the world. Their ships contained as many as four decks, six masts, and a dozen sails. The ships were guided by a stern post rudder, while navigation was done through the use of charts and compasses. These ships could carry 500 men.

Song Dynasty Video Review the questions below and think about these questions as you watch the video. Take notes that answer these questions as the video plays. 2. Explaining What accomplishments from the Song dynasty helped to spur trade? 3. Describing What accomplishments from the Song dynasty revolutionized warfare?

Reading: Review Questions Read pg. 82-83 “Three Dynasties” and answer the following in complete sentences. Guiding Question: How did the Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties bring order to China between periods of chaos and instability? Progress Check: What were the reasons for the collapse of the three dynasties?

The Mongols Mongols are a pastoral people from present day Mongolia. Expansion originally started by Genghis Khan. Mongols created the largest land empire in history. The greatest joy a man can know is to conquer his enemies and drive them before him. To ride their horses and take away their possessions. To see the faces of those who were dear to them bedewed with tears." http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-genghis-khan

China under the Mongols Genghis Khan’s grandson, Kublai Khan, conquered the Song in 1279. Against the Chinese, the Mongols encountered two significant obstacles. Great Wall of China Fire-lance (gunpowder) Created a new dynasty: Yuan. Kublai Khan ruled China until 1294. Moved capital to Beijing. http://www.history.com/shows/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us/videos/mankind-the-story-of-all-of-us-genghis-khan

Fall of the Yuan Dynasty Mongol rulers continued the Chinese political system. Over time, the dynasty won support of Chinese people. Respected stability and economic prosperity. Marco Polo visited China during the Yuan Brings Chinese technologies back to Europe. Yuan overthrown in 1368. Began the Ming dynasty.

Silk Road  Caravans carried goods between China and Southwest Asia and South Asia. It was more than a trading route, however. Conduit of ideas. Three religions—Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam—spread along the Silk Road. Technical knowledge from China—including the secrets of printing, drilling wells, and making iron, gunpowder, paper, and silk—reached the West along the Silk Road. 

Do you think the expedition shown on the map is traveling long distances? Use at least three details from the map to support your answer.

A view of Hangzhou, China, from Marco Polo’s Livres de Merveilles Analyzing Visuals Describe the economic activity taking place at Hangzhou.

Economic Achievements Technological Developments Intellectual Advances Chinese Innovations Describe the achievement and which dynasty created that innovation. Read “Government and Economy” on pg. 84 List the achievements of the Chinese during the Sui, Tang, and Song Dynasties.  Evaluating: How did the Chinese government develop and change over the time period of the three dynasty? How did the Chinese economy develop and change over the time period of the three dynasties? Economic Achievements    1. Technological Developments    Inventions  - Intellectual Advances Advances in Trade