In the Beginning…. The History of the Internet

Essential Questions  What factors drove the development of the Internet?  Who were the people involved in the revolution and what made them able to change the way we worked, lived and communicated?  What factors drove the development of the Internet?  Who were the people involved in the revolution and what made them able to change the way we worked, lived and communicated?

Objectives  Analyze the impact of the WWW on society through research, interviews, and personal observation;  Summarize the development of Internet protocols, including, but not limited to, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Gopher, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), telnet, and Wide Area Information System (WAIS);  Identify individuals involved in the development of the Internet.  Analyze the impact of the WWW on society through research, interviews, and personal observation;  Summarize the development of Internet protocols, including, but not limited to, Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Gopher, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), telnet, and Wide Area Information System (WAIS);  Identify individuals involved in the development of the Internet.

Creation of the Internet The history of the Internet begins at the height of the cold war in the 1960's. People at the Rand Corporation, America's foremost military think tank, were trying to figure out an important strategic problem: how could US authorities talk to each other in the aftermath of a nuclear attack? The history of the Internet begins at the height of the cold war in the 1960's. People at the Rand Corporation, America's foremost military think tank, were trying to figure out an important strategic problem: how could US authorities talk to each other in the aftermath of a nuclear attack? Use Resources for more background information

Connectivity

NSFNET Backbone

Original Funding  ARPA – Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency  ARPANET originally connected four universities and enabled scientists to share information and resources across long distances  ARPA – Department of Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency  ARPANET originally connected four universities and enabled scientists to share information and resources across long distances

Who? Some people you may have heard of: Tim Berners-Lee - inventor of WWW Marc Andreesen - MOSAIC & Netscape. Bill Gates - Microsoft Vint Cerf - developer of the TCP/IP protocol. Ray Tomlinson – first to use sign Sandy Lerner – co-founder of Cisco Systems

Who? Some people you haven’t heard of:  Paul Baran - Packet-switching  Lawrence G. Roberts - First ARPANET plan  Ray Tomlinson - program Plus many many more! Some people you haven’t heard of:  Paul Baran - Packet-switching  Lawrence G. Roberts - First ARPANET plan  Ray Tomlinson - program Plus many many more!

Software  Telnet  File Transfer Protocol (FTP)  TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol)  Telnet  File Transfer Protocol (FTP)  TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/ Internet Protocol) Software needed to communicate within the network

The First Four Sites  UCLA  University of Utah  University of California Santa Barbara  Stanford Research Institute  UCLA  University of Utah  University of California Santa Barbara  Stanford Research Institute Linked in 1969 via a 50kbps line provided by AT&T.

Growth of the Internet

Internet vs. WWW Chat FTP News Groups Mailing Lists Bulletin Boards WWW  The WWW is just one part of Internet. Telnet Gopher

First Accepted Application  Quickly became the most popular application.  Allowed researchers a quicker way to correspond than scholarly journals.  However it was: –Text based –Command driven –It was the best at the time  Quickly became the most popular application.  Allowed researchers a quicker way to correspond than scholarly journals.  However it was: –Text based –Command driven –It was the best at the time

Benefits of the Web  Graphics  Sounds  Video  Graphical interface  Easier to use  Graphics  Sounds  Video  Graphical interface  Easier to use

Featured Links Explore links in At Your Fingertips for more information about:  People  Hardware development  Software Explore links in At Your Fingertips for more information about:  People  Hardware development  Software

Internet2  Not a separate physical network  Higher bandwidth  Consortium led by over 180 universities  Advocates advanced network applications  Not a separate physical network  Higher bandwidth  Consortium led by over 180 universities  Advocates advanced network applications See Resources for more information about Internet2.Internet2