Brief Overview of Macromolecules DNA, RNA, and Proteins.

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Presentation transcript:

Brief Overview of Macromolecules DNA, RNA, and Proteins

What is “genomics”? --The systematic study of the genome using large-scale DNA sequencing, gene-expression analysis, or computational methods. Genome: the total complement of genes contained in a cell or virus, commonly used to refer to all genes present in one complete haploid set of chromosomes in eukaryotes.

Genome Sizes Saccharomyces cerevisiae13 Mb Drosophila melanogaster120 Mb Homo sapiens3,200 Mb Fern160,000 Mb Amoeba dubia670,000 Mb

DNA Structure Base / nucleotide pair: a pair of nitrogenous bases, most commonly one purine and one pyrimidine, held together by hydrogen bonds in a double stranded region of a nucleic acid molecule.

Purines vs. Pyrimidines

Nucleosides and Nucleotides DNA = deoxyribonucleic acid adenosine ATP

Polynucleotide Chain

The Double Helix

RNA vs. DNA

RNA Structure Single stranded

Summary of DNA vs. RNA

Protein Structure Made up of amino acid chain.

Peptides

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