Unit 17Lesson 65 The Attributive Clause( 一 ) 宝兴中学 陈德福

定义：在复合句中，修饰前面某一名词或代词的从 句叫定语从句。 结构： 先行词 + 关系词 + 句子 关系词 The Attributive Clause ( 定语从句） 关系代词 : that,which, who,whom,whose 关系副词 : when, where, why 指物： that which 指人： who ( 主 / 宾格 ) that whom( 宾格 )

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫 做定语从句。 The man who lives next to us is a policeman. The noodles that I cooked were delicious. Who is the man that is reading the book over there? The silk which is produced in Hangzhou sells well. 先行词 ______________________ 关系代词 ___ 定语从句

Is this book that your father bought for you? Is this book the one that your father bought for you? Is this the book that your father bought for you?

关系代词 that, which 引导的定语从句 : 如果先行词是表示物的名词或代词，关系 代词应用 that 、 which. ( 作主语或宾语 )

This is a dream. The dream will never come true. This is a dream which never come true. The dog has been found. The dog was lost. The dog which was lost has been found. Practise: 1.This is the house which is for sale. 2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine. which / that 作主语. ( 不能省 ) / that （作主语）

which / that 作宾语 ： （可省略） This is the card. I’ve just received the card. This is the card which / that I’ve just received. Practise: 1.This is the mistake which /that I always make. 2. I still keep the letters which she wrote to me. 3. I lost the pen which my father bought me. ( ) （作宾语）

关系代词 who, that 引导的定语从句 : 如果先行词是表示人的名词或代词， 关系代词应用 who, that ( 作主语或宾语 ) whom ( 作宾语 )

who / that 作主语. ( 不能省 ) This is the film star. The film star is very popular in China. This is the film star who is very popular in China. ( 作主语 ) 1.The boy who broke the window is called Roy. 2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday? 3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin. / that

who / whom / that 作宾语： ( 可省略 ) The man is a famous writer. He described the man just now. The man ( who/ whom/ that ) he described just now is a famous writer. ( 作宾语） 1.The boy who(m) I ‘m looking for is my friend. 2. The thief has been sent to prison. The police caught the thief last night. The thief whom the police caught last night has been sent to prison.

小结： that － 既可指人，也可指物，作主语， 不能省略；作宾语，可以省略。 which －指物，作主语，不能省略；作 宾语，可以省略. who － 指人，作主语，不能省略；作宾语， 可以省略, （常用 whom ） 注 : 当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 定语 从句的谓语动词形式由先行词定。

The girl in a hat is Lucy. = The girl who / that is in a hat is Lucy. The cup filled with water was put on the table. = The cup that / which was filled with water was put on the table. 介词短语作后置定语与定语从句的互换： _________________ ___________________________ She is one of those womenwhohave cars.

定语从句的同意句转换 : 1. The teacher who wears a pair of glasses is Miss Wang. = The teacher wearing a pair of glasses is Miss Wang. 2. The machine that is made in China is dear. = The machine made in China is dear. 3. The novel that is written by him sells well. = The novel written by him sells well. 4. The dinosaurs (which) were discovered by them are on show. = The dinosaurs discovered by themare…..

有时只能用 that, 不用 which, 常见的情况有六种： 1. 当先行词是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing, everybody, nobody, everyone, no one 或被它们修饰时。 That’s all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked. 2. 当先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时 That is the most interesting book that I have ever read.

The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons. 3. 当先行词有 the very, the only, the same 等修 饰时。 That’s the only thing that I can do now. These are the very words that he used. 4. 当主句以 who 或 which 开头时，定语从句的 关系词用 that, 而不用 which 或 who. Who is the girl that spoke to you just now? Which is the pen that you lost ?

5. 先行词同时包括人或物时，关系词用 that. The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate. 6. 当关系代词在从句中作表语时。 China is not the country that it was.

只用 which, 不用 that 的情况： 1. 关系代词前有介词时。 This is the cage that / which Polly lives in. = This is the cage in which Polly lives. in that ( ) = This is the cage where Polly lives. 2. 先行词本身为 that. The clock is that which tells the time. 3. 在非限制性定语从句中。 His English, which used to be poor, is exellent now.

Her bag,in ________ she put all her money,has been stolen. This is the ring on ________ she spent 1000 dollars. Xiao Wang,with ________ I went to the concert, enjoy it very much. which whom/who 在介词后面，指事物用 which ，指人用 whom 。

不用 that ，而用 which ， who ， whom 的情况 He made the same mistakes again,_____ made his parents very angry. Yesterday I bought a dictionary,_______ cost me more than 100 yuan. Mr Smith,_______ gave a talk several months ago,will come again. My uncle has come back from abroad,________ I haven’t met for along time. which who whom 在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用 which ， 指人用 who 或 whom 。

whose 作定语, 表示所属关系。 1. The boy is my classmate. The boy’s father is a detective. The boy whose father is a detective is my classmate. whose = of whom = The boy the father of whom is a detective is my classmate. = The boy of whom the father is a detective is my classmate.

There are 20 students in this class, ______ are different. A.whose backgrounds B.the backgrounds of whom C.of whom the backgrounds D.the backgrounds of whose

when 作时间状语 : She will never forget the day. She was married on that day. She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married. It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year. It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out. When = 介词 + which

where 作地点状语 I want to know the place. I was born there. I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born. The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one. where = 介词 + which

why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是 the reason. That is the reason why(= for which) I’m late. I know the reason why he said it. why = for which

Exercises: 1. The radio set _____ has gone wrong. A. I bought it last week B. I bought last week C. which I bought it last week D. what I bought last week 2. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all B D

3. This is the biggest lab _____ we have ever built in our school. A. which B. what C. where D. / 4. Is Oxygen ( 氧气） the only gas _____ helps fire burn? A.that B. / C. which D. it 5.A child _____ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤儿 ). A. who B. whose C. who’s D. which A B D

6. The house ____ we saw at the foot of the hill was built a century ago. A.which B. where C. what D. in which 7. Is that the reason _____ you are for the plan. A.which B. what C. why D. for that 8. Is this the museum _____ some German friends visited last week. A.that B. where C. the one D. in which 9. October 1,1949 is the day _____ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that A C A B