Bellwork: Wednesday, Oct 10th Grab your supply bins. Get the one that corresponds to the number on your table! Complete pg 41 #5 & pg 102 #6 Pull out your carrying capacity worksheet from yesterday.

Life Science Lesson 4 Changes in Ecosystems

Succession Definition: The replacement of one type of community by another at a single location over a period of time

PRIMARY SUCCESSION Definition: A community that starts to grow in an area that has no soil such as a cooled lava field bare rock field caused by a retreating glacier

Primary Succession, continued The 1 st organisms to live in the lifeless area are called pioneer species, such as lichens. In a forest lichens are followed by mosses, grasses, shrubs, heath mat, pines, and ending in hardwoods

PRIMARY SUCCESSION Lichens secrete acids that break down rocks Rocks also break down through weathering Formed from seeds carried in by the wind or animals Climax Community

PRIMARY SUCCESSION A climax community is the final step in primary succession Definition: A community that does not undergo further succession

SECONDARY SUCCESSION Definition: A type of succession that occurs in areas that are disturbed, but still have soil Example: A fire or flood

SECONDARY SUCCESSION Begins with fast- growing grasses and non-woody plants and then moves step-by- step toward a climax community just as primary succession does

SECONDARY SUCCESSION Climax Community

Intentional Succession Definition: A type of secondary succession that occurs in areas that are intentionally disturbed This most often takes place through controlled burns

Controlled Burn Controlled burning stimulates the germination of some desirable forest trees, thus renewing the forest. Some cones, such as sequoia require heat from a fire to open cones to disperse seeds.

Examples Highbanks Metro Park in Columbus Their controlled burn restored the prairie to maintain the bluebird population

Examples Ding Darling Wildlife Refuge on Florida’s Sanibel, Island The purpose of their burn was to remove unwanted growth, reduce risk of a wildfire, and to promote native natural habitat