Thesis and Publication Style Statistical Editor, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Statistical Editor, Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 1987–2005. Editorial Board member and Statistical Editor for the Journal of the American Dental Association, 2013– present. Editorial Board member and Statistical Editor for the Journal of the American Dental Association, 2013– present. Statistical Reviewer for the Journal of Periodontology, , 1998–present. Statistical Reviewer for the Journal of Periodontology, 1990–1993, 1998–present. Co-author on over 184 refereed journal articles and 4 books. See: Pubmed.org, or ResearchGate.net Co-author on over 184 refereed journal articles and 4 books. See: Pubmed.org, or ResearchGate.netPubmedResearchGatePubmedResearchGate

Overview It’s easier to do things right the first time. (Rather than fixing a mess at the end.) It’s easier to do things right the first time. (Rather than fixing a mess at the end.) Follow the instructions. (Really.) Follow the instructions. (Really.)

Scientific Writing “Readers do not simply read; they interpret” Readers take clues from a publication’s structure to make interpretive decisions “Readers do not simply read; they interpret” Readers take clues from a publication’s structure to make interpretive decisions “Information is interpreted more easily and more uniformly if it is placed where most readers expect to find it.” “Information is interpreted more easily and more uniformly if it is placed where most readers expect to find it.” GD Gopen & JA Swan “The science of scientific writing” American Scientist, 1990.

Thesis = Journal style Sandwiched inside Grad School style Grad School Grad School –Overall style –“preliminary pages”:  ETD form, Copyright, Title, Ack., ToC, LoT, LoF –Appendices, Vita Journal Journal –Abstract –Main body –References –Tables & Figures

Grad School Style school/docs/pdf/ThesisandDissertationManual.pdf school/docs/pdf/ThesisandDissertationManual.pdfwww.graduate.vcu.edu/media/graduate- school/docs/pdf/ThesisandDissertationManual.pdfwww.graduate.vcu.edu/media/graduate- school/docs/pdf/ThesisandDissertationManual.pdf Margins? Margins? Spacing? Spacing? Page numbers? Page numbers?

Journal Style Journal of Endodontics Journal of Endodontics – Pediatric Dentistry Pediatric Dentistry – Journal of Periodontology Journal of Periodontology – American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics American Journal of Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics –

Journals: Sections Introduction Introduction –Background, “empty”, Literature review Methods Methods –Materials and Methods Results Results –Findings Discussion Discussion –Summary References References –Literature cited, Bibliography Also note: is the first line indented? Also note: is the first line indented?

Journal: Typeface What does VCU say? What does VCU say? Journals: Journals: –Heading 1, Heading 2 –Body text  Spacing?

JOE JOE PedDent PedDent JPerio JPerio AJODO AJODO

JOE JOE PedDent PedDent JPerio JPerio AJODO AJODO

Tables The reference in text The reference in text –(Table 1), (see Table 1) On the (bottom of the) page or at the end (of the document)? On the (bottom of the) page or at the end (of the document)?

JPerio JPerio AJODO (roman!) AJODO (roman!) JOE JOE PedDent PedDent

Figures Reference in text Reference in text Typeface? Typeface? Border? Border? Caption or commentary? Caption or commentary? Graph above or below text? Graph above or below text?

JPerio JPerio AJODO AJODO JOE JOE PedDent PedDent

MSWord: Step 0 How the GUI (graphical user interface) works on all computers How the GUI (graphical user interface) works on all computers Think of the things you see as containers (nouns), that can be acted on (with verbs) to change their characteristics (adjectives) Think of the things you see as containers (nouns), that can be acted on (with verbs) to change their characteristics (adjectives) Objects use Methods to change Properties Objects use Methods to change Properties –Every Object has default Properties –Select the Object and choose a Method to change a Property Examples: A MSWord paragraph uses keyboarding to enter text Clicking a Menu or on a Ribbon changes the selected location/letter/word/line/paragraph/section Examples: A MSWord paragraph uses keyboarding to enter text Clicking a Menu or on a Ribbon changes the selected location/letter/word/line/paragraph/section

MSWord: Step 1 Learn how to use this tool Learn how to use this tool Video training Video training –office.microsoft.com/ en-us/support/ training- FX aspx office.microsoft.com/ en-us/support/ training- FX aspxoffice.microsoft.com/ en-us/support/ training- FX aspx

Training courses for Word Create accessible Word documents Create accessible Word documents Create Word 2010 documents that are more accessible to people with disabilities. Learn how to format your document using Styles, add alternative text to images, and other tips to make your document easier for users and assistive technologies to navigate. Create your first Word document II Create your first Word document II Part two of the “Create your first Word 2010 document” series for those who are new to Word. Learn to move around in the document, use formatting marks, move text by using Cut and Paste, and change line spacing and alignment in Word. Create and customize a table of contents Create and customize a table of contents Create a table of contents (TOC) in Word. Prepare document headings so that Word will generate the TOC automatically, and customize the look and settings for the TOC.

What’s Normal?

Notes ONE space after a period to end a sentence. ONE space after a period to end a sentence. Use paragraph settings to go to a new page. (NOT, by adding a blank paragraph using the Enter key.) Use paragraph settings to go to a new page. (NOT, by adding a blank paragraph using the Enter key.) Or by adding a Page Break from the Page Layout ribbon Or by adding a Page Break from the Page Layout ribbon

Captions and Cross-references Add a caption On the References tab, in the Captions group, click Insert Caption. In the Label list, select the label that best describes the object, such as a table or figure, and then click OK. Type any text, including punctuation, that you want to appear after the label. Add a cross-reference In the Captions group, click Cross-Reference. Choose the reference type, Only label and number, Select which caption.

TOC, LoT, LoF The Table of Contents is built automatically from the Styles: Heading 1, Heading 2, … The Table of Contents is built automatically from the Styles: Heading 1, Heading 2, … The List of Tables is built automatically from the Captions identified as Table The List of Tables is built automatically from the Captions identified as Table The List of Figure is built automatically from the Captions identified as Figure The List of Figure is built automatically from the Captions identified as Figure These are Fields that can be updated manually (right-click) These are Fields that can be updated manually (right-click)

Don’t Reinvent the Wheel Get a previous resident’s Thesis with “good bones” Get a previous resident’s Thesis with “good bones” –Grad School “front matter” ending with a section break –IMRD (heading 1) –Style=Normal paragraphs –Style=Caption for Table and Figure heads Keep the containers, replace the content Keep the containers, replace the content

Authorship The ICMJE recommends that authorship be based on the following 4 criteria: 1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data for the work; AND 2. Drafting the work or revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND 3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND 4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work. All those designated as authors should meet all four criteria for authorship, and all who meet the four criteria should be identified as authors. Those who do not meet all four criteria should be acknowledged