I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Collaboration: University of Huelva, Spain (coordinator) GSI-Darmstadt, Germany. University of Sevilla, Spain. CSIC-IEM Madrid, Spain. IKS-University of Leuven, Belgium. CRC Louvain la Neuve, Belgium. University of Surrey, UK Flerov Lab. Nuclear Studies, Dubna, Russia A. Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies, Warsaw, Poland. H. Niewodniczandki Institute of Nuclear Physics, Krakow, Poland. The HYDE array for the LOW ENERGY BRANCH of FAIR I. Martel * for the HYDE collaboration * Department of Applied Physics, The University of Huelva, Spain Huelva

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 At present RIB facilities we can customize our nuclear system (N,Z): Terra incognita  huge gene pool of nuclei !!  Fabricate “any”nucleus controlling the number of constituent protons and neutrons  OUR NUCLEAR WORKBENCH!  isolate and amplify specific physics or interactions The development of Radioactive Beam Facilities (RIB) has opened new frontiers of research for nuclear physics  Evolution of structure within these boundaries 1. Proton Rich Nuclei 2. Neutron Rich Nuclei 3. Heaviest Nuclei Frontiers Basic Idea: Study of the Structure and Dynamics of VERY Exotic Nuclei

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Experimental quantities  cross sections & relative yields:  Elastic, Inelastic, Transfer, Breakup,... Spectroscopic tools  Particle Detectors + Direct Nuclear Reactions - not too many degrees of freedom - precise knowledge of theoretical framework (CC) - well tested with stable nuclei  Exotic (N,Z) combinations  isospin degree of freedom - Evolution of shell structure  phase shape transitions, - Halo nuclei - Cluster structures - Beyond the drip lines  unbound nuclei & resonances - Reaction mechanisms and dynamics of exotic systems 19C  Heaviest Halo Nucleus [T + ε i – E + ] χ i (R) = χ k (R) Φ(r,R) = ψ 1 (r)χ 1 (R) + ψ 2 (r)χ 2 (R) + …..

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 TOF vs E  A DE vs E  A & Z Experimental Methods.  vs E  Kinematics/ Reaction channel n-γ discrimination + TOF RADIOACTIVE BEAM Charged particles SILICON ARRAY  Neutrons target NEUTRON ARRAY Tracking devices GAMMA ARRAY AGATA

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Reactions with drip-line nuclei using the HYbrid DEtector array (HYDE) Motivation: Study of Direct Nuclear Reactions induced by drip line nuclei with half lifes around/below the MILISECOND  the most difficult ones? HYDE physics complementary with other existing projects: The Low-Energy Branch at FAIR  an unique facility!! Spectroscopic information: B(Eλ) values, quadrupole deformations, clustering, coupling to the continuum,… Collective phenomena and nucleon-nucleon correlations “Low energies” radioactive beams  from 5 up to 30 MeV/u What to measure?: angular distributions: elastic and inelastic scattering, break-up, transfer reactions,… FAZIA & GASPARD (GANIL/SPIRAL2)  half life down to 10ms EXL (FAIR)  half life down to s HYDE(FAIR/LEB)  half life down/below to ms  drip line!!

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Low Energy Branch FAIR – Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA Duty  Coordinate the construction of the HYDE array for charged particles FINURA: FPA mm FAIR/HYDE SPIRAL2: FAZIA SYNERGY! SPIRAL2: GASPARD SYNERGY!

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY Preliminary concept design/DSSSD based…. - This design will change mm 300mm? 300mm AGATA CHAMBER Target HYDE//MECHANICS/

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 SOME PRELIMINARY IDEAS…

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 RIB intensities after Super-FRS “VERY” HEAVY IONS (mass > S, Cl)  INVERSE KINEMATICS

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Courtesy of C. Scheidenberger  E = 3 MeV/u FAIR/NUSTAR/Low-Energy Branch: energy and angular spread Typical figures: 300 MeV/u:  E ~ 0.3 MeV/u   ~ 5 mrad 5 MeV/u:  E ~ 3 MeV/u   ~ 200 mrad spot ~ 3cm !! Remarks: 1. FAIR  Beam tracking system:  Accurate position + energy

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Tracking Conceptual Design Target Tracking detectors HYDE Telescope: DSSD+DE+E TOF B A C 150 mm 2000 mm Reaction chamber Choice of tracking detectors: Diamond (GSI) SeD (Saclay) SeD tracking detectors (VAMOS)//GANIL UNIVERSITY OF SEVILLA Ivan Mukha

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Physics at 3-30 MeV/u - Direct Nuclear Reactions, Clustering, Fusion Evaporation, Transfer, Deep Inelastic, etc. The HYbrid DEtector concept (HYDE) HYDE Goals: - Charged particles. - Good charge and mass identification. - Efficiency (>60%). - Good energy resolution (<150 keV). - Angular resolution (<1º). Beam properties: - Large emitance - Low intensity <10 7 pps. Constraints: - use with other detectors (Neutron array, Calorimeter, AGATA, etc - use at other RIB facilities (SPIRAL2, ISOLDE, LEGNARO,…) - Modularity and portability

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 R&D ON PSA  LOW ENERGY PS DATA BASE CNA-Tandem (Sevilla): 4He & 6,7Li, 1 MeV step In collaboration with FAZIA FEBRUARY 5-9/ 2007

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007  E 1  E 2 E HYDE TELESCOPE DEMONSTRATOR (2010): (PROPOSAL FOR OCTOBER Huelva) - 3 stage device - Thin Silicon (50um) + Thick Silicon (>1 mm) + Scintillator (5 cm) - MULTI-STRIP philosophy 4 DETECTOR UNITS: 1 Double Sided Sided Strip detector + PAD Si + Scintillator : - E1+XY(50um) + E2(> 1mm) + E3-CsI(Tl)-5cm - 10 mm x 10 mm total active area - 3 x 3 strips each side  3mm strip pitch  TOTAL 9 x 4 = 36 pixels Combine Particle identification techniques: - ToF  modular system - DE/Et  thin DE - Kinematics  angular resolution - Pulse Shape Analysis  Fast FEE + Neural Network Algorithms FAZIA- PSA studies L. Bardelli et al., NPA746(2004)272

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Fully Digital Electronics system 1. Compactness  integrated system 2. Vacuum proof (preamp + digitizers!) 3. Digital energy, pulse shape (and timing?):  current, charge, energy, time 4. Variable dynamic ranges 5. FPGA’s + DSP’s for PSA and control 6 Slow control & monitoring (gains, thresholds, temperature, bias,… -> OPTIMIZATION 7. Calibration procedures (E, Time, …) 8. Portability/Modularity 9. Low cost COMPUTER & STORAGE HYDE FEE DEMONSTRATOR (2010) (PROPOSAL FOR OCTOBER HUELVA!!)

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 Sampling N° of bits: 12 Sampling rate: 2 GHz, BW > 300 MHz Over what duration? 250 ns Control & Command Temperature, current, voltage Gain, thresholds Calibration requirements: E, Time Energy Dynamic range: 300 KeV  1 GeV Energy resolution: < 150 KeV Detector HYbrid: Silicon + Scincillator Rise time and fall time ~ 10 ns-250 ns Recoil Decay Tagging? NO Environment: vacuum Time Range: 1ns, Resolution: 10% (100 ps) Time stamping Power constrain : For Vacuum ~ mW/channel Trigger: Depends on experiment Geometrical & constrains Volume of instrument: Ø 500 mm Pre-amp, Cabling, FEE card N° of channels/detector: 32 (E+T+PSA info) N° of detectors: 150 Data Filtering Pulse-shape to Z & A up to S/Cl isotopes FPGA+DPS board in air PREAMP: Bandwidth: GHz, Gain > 40 dB Low Noise (<3 dB), Output: Q(t), I(t), dT (analog) Rate per channel (typical) 100Hz Global rate: 1 MHz (x PSA info)

I. MARTEL SGFDC UNIVERSITY OF HUELVA JULY 2007 FIN