Section 2: Gas Behavior Objective: What gas law explains why this define the relationship between volume and pressure of a gas state Boyle’s Law define the relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas define the relationship between volume and the temperature of a gas and state Charles’s law What gas law explains why this hot air balloon rises?

Key Terms temperature pressure The measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in a substance. pressure The force exerted on a surface divided by the total area over which the force is exerted

Boyle’s Law Charles’s Law The relationship between the pressure and volume of a gas at constant temperature; when volume increases, pressure decreases. Charles’s Law The relationship between the temperature and volume of a gas at constant pressure; when temperature increases, volume increases.

Three properties of gases Temperature: average kinetic energy of the molecules. Volume: gases have the same volume as their container. Pressure: force/area

Relationship between pressure & volume of a gas. The volume of a fixed amount of gas varies inversely with The pressure of the gas.

Boyle’s Law Boyle’s Law: when the pressure of a gas is increased at constant temperature, the volume of the gas decreases. When The pressure is decreased, the volume increases.

Relationship between pressure and temperature Gay-Lussac’s law: When the temperature of a gas at a constant volume is increased, the pressure of the gas increases. When the temperature is decreased, the pressure of the gas decreases.

Tires on 18-wheelers are very large and stiff. The volume of these tires does not vary much. Why must truck drivers monitor and adjust tire pressure on long trips, especially during the hot summer months?

Relationship between volume and temperature A direct relationship exists between volume and temperature.

The volume of a balloon is less in a beaker of ice water than if the same balloon is in a beaker of hot water. Why does this happen? Charles's Law: when the temperature of a gas is increased at constant pressure, its volume increases. When the temperature of a gas decreased its volume decreases.