Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems The Database Environment: Basic Concepts, Organizational Issues and Database Models Jason C. H. Chen, Ph.D. Professor of MIS School of Business Administration Gonzaga University Spokane, WA

A Relationship Between the Organization and the DataBase Organizational IS Resources: Picture Or Model Old State New State Activities DataBase Management Systems Correspond with the processing of the events (Add, modify, delete, …) TransactionsD.B. Information must be: User Events 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. Procedures 5. People 1. Time: Timely, 2. Content: Accurate, relevant, and verifiable. 3. Form: Presented in a useable form. TM 0-2

A Relationship Between the Organization and the DataBase Organizational IS Resources: 1. Hardware 2. Software 3. Data 4. Procedures 5. People Picture Or Model Old State Events New State Activities DataBase Management Systems D.B. Transactions (Add, modify, delete, …) Correspond with the processing of the events Information must be: 1. Time: Timely, 2. Content: Accurate, relevant, and verifiable. 3. Form: Presented in a useable form. User TM 0-3

TM 0-4 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems What is Information ? DATA Information is refined data. INFORMATION

TM 0-5 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems Data vs. Information Users really want is –Information  What users can learn from the data  how to satisfy their best customers  how to allocate their resources most efficiently,  how to minimize losses

TM 0-6 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems Are they Data Bases? MS/Access, MS/SQL Server ORACLE IBM/DB2 etc. Why don’t we just create a huge data file contain ALL fields?

TM 0-7 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems What Is a Database and DBMS? A database is an organized collection of logically related and integrated data files. Models real-world enterprise. – Entities (e.g., students, courses) – Relationships (e.g. Scott is taking bmis441) –A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package designed to store and manage databases.

TM 0-8 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems Objectives of the MIS information Deliver the right information to the right people, at the right time, with the right form. Ultimately, MIS should improve the workers’ productivity. who has what information about whom and when, where, and how will all be decided in the process of building an information system.

TM 0-9 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems Why Study Databases?? Shift from computation to information Datasets increasing in diversity and volume. –Digital libraries, interactive video, Human Genome project –... need for DBMS exploding DBMS encompasses many business applications These days, practically everything is built around a database. If you understand how databases work, you understand how a lot of business function ?

TM 0-10 Copyright © Addison Wesley Longman, Inc. & Dr. Chen, Business Database Systems Data Models A data model is a collection of concepts for describing data. CUSTOMERORDER Three database models –Hierarchical –Network –Relational

Comparison of Three Database Models TM 0-11