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Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-2 Sexual Dysfunctions Sexual dysfunctions Persistent or recurrent difficulties in becoming sexually aroused or reaching orgasm

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-3 Types of Sexual Dysfunctions Sexual desire disorders Recurrent lack of sexual desire or aversion to sexual contact Sexual arousal disorders Recurrent failure to become adequately sexually aroused to engage in or sustain sexual intercourse

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-4 Types of Sexual Dysfunctions Orgasmic disorders Recurrent difficulty reaching orgasm or reaching orgasms more rapidly than they would like Sexual pain disorders Recurrent experience of pain during coitus (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-5 Types of Sexual Dysfunctions Sexual pain disorders (continued) Dyspareunia Pain during sexual intercourse Vaginismus Involuntary contractions of the muscles surrounding the vaginal barrel

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-6 Sexual Desire Disorders Hypoactive sexual desire disorder Little or no sexual interest or desire Sexual aversion disorder Sexual phobia Sexual panic state

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-7 Sexual Arousal Disorders Vasocongestion Engorgement of blood vessels with blood Male erectile disorder Persistent difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection Erectile dysfunction (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-8 Sexual Arousal Disorders Male erectile disorder (continued) Performance anxiety Anxiety concerning one’s ability to perform Female sexual arousal disorder

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-9 Orgasmic Disorders Male orgasmic disorder Delayed ejaculation, retarded ejaculation, ejaculatory incompetence In most cases it is limited to coitus Female orgasmic disorder Anorgasmic (preograsmic) Never having reached orgasm

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-10 Orgasmic Disorders Premature ejaculation Ejaculation occurs with minimal sexual stimulation and before the man desires it What constitutes prematurity?

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-11 Sexual Pain Disorders Dyspareunia Persistent or recurrent pain during sexual intercourse Volvodynia Physical factors Psychological factors

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-12 Sexual Pain Disorders Vaginismus Involuntary contraction of the muscle surrounding the vaginal barrel Prevents penile penetration

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-13 Origins of Sexual Dysfunctions Organic causes Regular exercise seems to ward off ED Physical examination Tumescence Effects of prescription drugs (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-14 Origins of Sexual Dysfunctions Psychosocial causes Cultural influences Psychosexual trauma Sexual orientation Ineffective sexual techniques Emotional factors (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-15 Origins of Sexual Dysfunctions Psychosocial causes (continued) Problems in the relationship Lack of sexual skills Irrational beliefs Performance anxiety

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-16 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Sex therapy Short-term behavioural models for treatment of sexual dysfunctions Sex therapies aim to Change self-defeating beliefs and attitudes Teach sexual skills (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-17 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Sex therapies aim to (continue) Enhance sexual knowledge Improve sexual communication Reduce performance anxiety

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-18 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Masters-and-Johnson approach Sensate focus Sex partners take turns giving and receiving pleasurable stimulation in nongenital areas

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-19 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Helen Singer Kaplan approach Psychosexual therapy Immediate causes Remote causes Sexual desire disorders

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-20 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Sexual arousal disorders Biological approaches to treatment of erectile disorder Surgery  Penile implants Medications  Hormone (testosterone) treatment  Muscle relaxants and medications (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-21 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Biological approaches to treatment of erectile disorder (continued) Medications (continued) Viagra

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-22 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Biological approaches to treatment of erectile disorder (continued) Vacuum pumps  Vacuum constriction device (VCD)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-23 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Female sexual arousal disorders Viagra Eros Orgasmic disorders Sensate focus Genital play

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-24 Masturbation Programs for Women in Sex Therapy Education Self-exploration Self-massage Giving oneself permission Use of fantasy (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-25 Masturbation Programs for Women in Sex Therapy (continued) Allowing, not forcing, orgasm Use of a vibrator Involvement of the partner

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-26 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Male orgasmic disorder Premature ejaculation Psychological approaches to the treatment of premature ejaculation Squeeze technique Tip of the penis is squeezed to prevent ejaculation temporarily (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-27 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Psychological approaches to the treatment of premature ejaculation (continued) Stop-start The penis is stimulated until the man is about to ejaculate then stimulation is suspended

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-28 Treatment of Sexual Dysfunctions Biological approaches to treatment of premature ejaculation Sexual pain disorders Dyspareunia Vaginismus Evaluation of sex therapy

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-29 How Do You Find a Qualified Sex Therapist? Ask them What their profession is Where they earned their advanced degree Whether they are licensed or certified by the state Their fees (continued)

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-30 How Do You Find a Qualified Sex Therapist? Ask them (continued) Plans for treatment Nature of their training

Copyright © 2007 Pearson Education Canada13-31 End of Chapter 13