Week No. 02 Lesson Name File Lesson No. 03 Week No. 02 Lesson Name File

FILE Parts of File:- 1. Tip / Point:- The end opposite to tang. Use:- Files are used to remove excess material from a work piece. Material:- High carbon steel. Parts of File:- 1. Tip / Point:- The end opposite to tang. Tip / Point Side Edge 2. Side:- The broad part of the file with teeth cut on its surface. 3. Edge:- The thin part of the file with a single row of parallel teeth.

4. Heel:- The portion of the broad part without teeth. Ferrule 4. Heel:- The portion of the broad part without teeth. Tang Tip / Point Length Handle Shoulder 5. Shoulder:- The curved part of a file separating tang from the body. Heel Edge Side 6. Tang:- The narrow and thin part of a file which fits into the handle. 9. Length:- Length of file is measured from Tip to the end of Shoulder. 7. Handle:- The part fitted to the tang for holding the file. 8. Ferrule:- a protective metal ring to prevent cracking of the file.

TYPES OF FILE AS PER CUT Single cut file:- It has rows of teeth cut in one direction across its face. The teeth are at an angle of 60º to the centre line. It can cut chips as wide as the cut of the file. Use:- for filing soft metals like brass, aluminium, bronze and copper

Rasp cut file:- It has individual, sharp, pointed teeth in a line Rasp cut file:- It has individual, sharp, pointed teeth in a line. These files are available only in half round shape. Use:- for filing soft materials like wood, leather, etc.

Double cut file:- It has two rows of teeth cut diagonal to each other Double cut file:- It has two rows of teeth cut diagonal to each other. The first row of teeth is known as “over cut” and they are cut at an angle of 70º. The other cut, made diagonal to this is known as “up cut” and is at an angle of 51º. Use:- to remove stock faster than the single cut files.

Rasp cut file:- It has individual, sharp, pointed teeth in a line Rasp cut file:- It has individual, sharp, pointed teeth in a line. These files are available only in half round shape. Use:- for filing soft materials like wood, leather, etc. Curved cut file:- These files have deeper cutting action. These files are available only in a flat shape. Use:- for filing soft material like aluminium, tin, copper, plastic, etc.

TYPES OF FILE AS PER GRADE Rough file:- It is used for removing rapidly a larger quantity of metal. It is mostly used for trimming the rough of soft metal castings. Bastard file:- It is used in cases where there is a heavy reduction of material. Second cut file:- It is used to give a good finish on metals. It is excellent to file hard metals. It is used for bringing the job close to the finishing size.

Smooth file:- It is used to remove small quantity of material and to give a good finish. Dead Smooth file:- It is used to bring to accurate size with a high degree of finish.

TYPES OF FILE AS PER SHAPE Flat file:- These files are used for general purpose work. They are useful for filing and finishing external and internal surfaces. Hand file:- They are useful for filing surfaces which are at right angle to surfaces already finished. Square file:- They are used for filling square angles, enlarging the square slots, making keyways and spline.

Round file:- They are used for filing round shapes, enlarging the holes, and making fillets. Triangular file:- They are used for filing angles which are smaller than 90º. They are also used to repair the teeth of saw. Half round file:- They are used for filing concave surfaces like bearings and bushings. Knife edge file:- They are used for filing narrow slots and grooves. They are also used to repair the teeth of saw.

METHODS OF FILING Straight filing:- In this method of filing file is run at an angle of 90º to the work piece edge. In return stroke, the file is carried slightly up to prevent the teeth to become blunt. Those jobs whose width is smaller than the width of file are filed by this method.

Cross filing:- In this method of filing, the file is run across the job, which is from left to right or right to left. Thus filing is done diagonally. In this method, curves in work pieces can be minimized. Maximum material can be removed due to the cross marks of files. The whole surface of job is covered in a stroke.

Draw filing:- In this method of filing, files are handled by both hands on the blade of file. File is placed at right angle to the surface of work piece. This method doesn’t remove material faster but gives better finish than straight or cross filing.

QUESTIONS What is the use of file ? What are the parts of file? Which is material is used in file ? What are tye types of file ?

Thus, we have the idea of files CONCLUSION Thus, we have the idea of files