DNA Replication Copying the genetic code. DNA Replication  Unpack the Chromosomes  Unzip the DNA  Base pairing at the replication fork  Leading strand.

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Presentation transcript:

DNA Replication Copying the genetic code

DNA Replication  Unpack the Chromosomes  Unzip the DNA  Base pairing at the replication fork  Leading strand vs Lagging strand

Making Copies

copycopied during cell division Sister Chromatids (identical copies)

Accessing the DNA inactive DNA (deactivated or mitotic) DNA in use

Visualization of DNA Packing  For this video, visit: /DNAi_packaging_vo2.html /DNAi_packaging_vo2.html /DNAi_packaging_vo2.html

Accessing the DNA

DNA Structure

Complementary Base Pairing

Identical Parent and Daughter Strands

Replication Bubbles helicase 5’ 3’ 5’

Replication Bubbles 5’ 3’ 5’

Replication Bubbles 5’ 3’ 5’

Replication Bubbles copies Replication Fork 5’ 3’ 5’

Replication Bubbles

Releasing the Tension

 Topoisomerase (gyrase) cleaves and uncoils DNA ahead of helicase  Single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSB) prevent DNA from coiling back up

DNA Replication Primase RNA primer DNA Polymerase III 5’ 3’ 5’

DNA Replication  The leading strands grow toward the replication fork  PROBLEM: DNA polymerase III only works in the 5’-3’ direction. Leading Strands 5’ 3’ 5’

DNA Replication 5’ 3’ 5’

DNA Replication Lagging Strands  The lagging strands grow away from the replication fork 5’ 3’ 5’

DNA Replication 5’ 3’ 5’ DNA Polymerase I DNA Ligase

DNA Replication 5’ 3’ 5’

DNA Replication continuous & discontinuous Okazaki Fragments 5’ 3’ 5’ DNA Polymerase moves in a 5’ - 3’ direction 5’-3’ chain synthesized continuously 3’-5’ chain synthesized discontinuously Results in a series of Okazaki fragments Later sealed up by DNA ligase

The Whole Process in 3D  For this video, visit:  /DNAi_replication_schematic.html /DNAi_replication_schematic.html /DNAi_replication_schematic.html

The Whole Process in 3D  For this video, visit: DNAi_replication_vo2.html DNAi_replication_vo2.html

Animations  DNA Replication:   McGraw-Hill: DNA Replication & Meselson-Stahl:  hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter14/ animations.html# hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter14/ animations.html# hill.com/sites/ /student_view0/chapter14/ animations.html#  DNA Song: 

Credits  Molecule drawing created using ChemSketch.  Some from the Pearson or Nelson Biology 12 textbook.  Some images from Wikimedia Commons  Some from unknown sources.