4.2 Overview of Photosynthesis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 51 Topic: 4.4/4.5 Intro to Cellular Respiration Essential Question: 1.What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes? 2.What processes in cellular respiration are aerobic? Anaerobic? 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 4.4 Intro to Cellular Respiration 1.What is the difference between aerobic and anaerobic processes? 2.What processes in cellular respiration are aerobic? Anaerobic? KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration KEY CONCEPT The overall process of cellular respiration converts sugar into ATP using oxygen.

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Discussion Question #1 Try and hold your breath for as long as you can (no cheating). How did you feel as you were holding your breath? Why do you think you felt this way? If you were to run a few miles, what would happen to your breathing? Pg. 50

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Discussion Question # 2 How does your body use oxygen? Oxygen helps your body break down chemical energy that is stored in sugars and other carbon based molecules. The energy produced is ATP ATP

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Compare the reactants and products. What do you notice?

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Plants use photosynthesis to make their own food Animals eats other organisms as food –Food is not the direct source of energy -Instead we break down molecules from food to produce ATP -Plants break down stored glucose to produce ATP Cellular respiration releases chemical energy from sugars (produced by photosynthesis) and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Two “Stages” Light Dependent- ETC-Fuels Light Independent Light Independent- Calvin Cycle- Makes Glucose Two “Stages” Stage I- Kreb’s Cycle- Fuels Stage II Stage II- ETC- Makes lots of ATP!

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Two “Stages” Light Dependent- ETC-Fuels Light Independent Light Independent- Calvin Cycle- Makes Glucose Two “Stages” Stage I- Kreb’s Cycle- Fuels Stage II Stage II- ETC- Makes lots of ATP!

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration is aerobic, or requires oxygen. O2O2 Cellular respiration releases chemical energy from glucose (produced by photosynthesis) and other carbon-based molecules to make ATP when oxygen is present

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular respiration takes place in mitochondria “the powerhouse of the cell”

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Glycolysis must take place first. It happens in the cell’s cytoplasm –anaerobic process (does not require oxygen) –splits glucose (from photosynthesis) into two three- carbon molecules called pyruvates -these will be broken down in the mito to make many more ATP –produces two ATP molecules ATP 2 pyruvates “Sweet Split” Draw on P. 51

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration There are two main parts to a mitochondria: 1. Matrix- area inside the inner membrane- Kreb’s Cycle 2. Inner membrane- Electron Transport

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Takes place in ___________ Takes place in the _____________ Glycolysis:

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Mitochondria 2. 2 Pyruvates 3. Kreb’s Cycle Takes place in the Matrix 4. 6 CO 2 5. Energy 7. 6 H 2 O6. 6 O 2 ATP Energy from Glycolysis Glycolysis: Glucose is broken down into 2 3-carbon molecules 8. Electron Transport Chain Takes place in the Inner Membrane

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration ATP and Cellular Respiration (4m12s)

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration The equation for the overall process is: C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2  6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP The reactants in photosynthesis are the same as the products of cellular respiration.

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration …..Products….. …..Reactants….. Cellular Respiration Pg. 50 in INB Pg. 115 in book Stage 1 Stage 2

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration The Krebs cycle takes place in the mitochondrial matrix –2 pyruvates enter cellular respiration 1.Pyruvates are broken down and a small amount of ATP (x2) is made during the Kreb’s Cycle 2.ATP transfers energy- carrying molecules to Stage II: The Electron Transport Chain –releases carbon dioxide as waste 6H O 2 6CO 2 6O 2 mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis and Krebs Cycle Stage I

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration 6H O 2 6CO 2 6O 2 mitochondrion matrix (area enclosed by inner membrane) inner membrane ATP energy energy from glycolysis and The electron transport chain produces a large amount of ATP and takes place in the inner membrane 3. Energy from Stage I transferred to proteins in the inner membrane 4. oxygen enters process and is used to make H 2 O –A large number of ATP (x up to 34) molecules are produced –water and heat are released Electron Transport Stage II

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration …..Products….. …..Reactants….. Cellular Respiration Sugar (2 pyruvates) The Kreb’s Cycle breaks down pyruvates into ATP (2) CO 2 Energy is transferred to the E.T. C. E.T.C.: Energy is transferred to proteins in the inner membrane of the mito. A large # of ATP is made (34). O 2 is used to make H 2 O O2O2 H2OH2O Heat Stage 2 Stage 1

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Cellular Respiration Up to 38 ATP molecules are made from the breakdown of one glucose molecule 2 from glycolysis 2 from Kreb’s Up to 34 from Electron Transport 38

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Video Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration (1m53s)

4.2 Overview of Photosynthesis Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 53 Topic: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration Essential Question: 1. Describe the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis in a double-bubble map. 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 1. Describe the relationship between cellular respiration and photosynthesis in a double- bubble map. Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Video Cellular Respiration Overview (4m 28s)

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Pg. 52 in INB EQ: Please create a Double-bubble map comparing and contrasting Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration. Include: Reactants/Products, organisms that undergo each, Organelles, chemical equation, etc…

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration White board:

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Reactants Light Energy CO2 H2O Products Glucose (sugar) O2 Reactants Glucose O2 Products CO2 H2O Heat Mitochondria Chloroplast Energy ATP Chemical Reactions Plants Animals ATP Calvin Cycle Kreb’s Cycle E.T.C 2 Main Stages

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Two “Stages” Light Dependent- ETC-Fuels Light Independent Light Independent- Calvin Cycle- Makes Glucose Two “Stages” Stage I- Kreb’s Cycle- Fuels Stage II Stage II- ETC- Makes lots of ATP!

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration P. 53 Labeling 1-9 Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Cycle Diagram

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration Life on Earth is solar powered, and energy makes a one- way trip through an ecosystem Chemicals, however, are recycled The CO 2 and H 2 O released by cellular respiration are converted through photosynthesis to glucose and O 2, which are then used again in respiration CO 2 and H 2 O Photosynthesis Glucose and O 2 Cellular respiration

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration On pg. 53- Label each part of this diagram

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration 1. Photosynthesis 3. C 6 H 12 O 6 4. O 2 8. H 2 O 9. CO 2 5. Cellular Respiration 7. ATP 2. Chloroplast 6. Mitochondria

4.4 Overview of Cellular Respiration

Please make a diagram showing the relationship between Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Pg. 53 in INB Title of Process Organelle Organism Products Title of Process Organelle Organism