Uterine Cancer Endometrial (or uterine) cancer will account for 50,000 new cases and 8200 deaths in the United States in Two genetic disorders are associated with abnormal genes – Lynch syndrome and Cowden syndrome. Lynch syndrome accounts for 2% of all uterine cancers. In Lynch syndrome the risk of uterine cancer by age 70 is 50% (range 25% to 60%) compared to 2.7% for the general population. Average age of onset is 48 Like colon cancer patients with Lynch, women with Lynch and endometrial cancer have a better prognosis.
The second disorder is Cowden Syndrome. This is a mutation in the pTEN protein, which is one of the proteins responsible for regulating cell growth. Clinically, Cowden is not one finding but a constellation of factors that increase the chance of finding this altered gene. The following is the consensus criteria for the diagnosis:
To check for Cowden syndrome, you will be assessed to see if you meet criteria for a research study offered by the Cleveland Clinic. If you meet criteria, the Cleveland Clinic has a grant to look for pTEN mutations. The test is also available through reference labs.
Beyond these two syndromes there are other conditions that can increase your chances for uterine cancer. Call for an appointment so we can discuss your family history and whether you might be a carrier of one of these genes.