Do Now Which list includes elements with the most similar chemical properties? Br, Ga, Hg Cr, Pb, Xe O, S, Se N, O, F

Williamsburg High School for Architecture and Design Periodicity, Part 1.5 Williamsburg High School for Architecture and Design Mr. Quinn and Ms. Tom 10/29/13

Aim How is the periodic table organized?

Atomic Radius The distance from the middle of the nucleus to the outermost electron shell

Outer Shell Electrons aka Valence Electrons The total number of electrons on the outer shell This includes the s- and p-sublevels

Ionization Energy The amount of energy required to remove a valence electron

Electron Affinity The amount of energy gained by adding an electron to the outer shell

Electron Affinity As we move across a period, electron affinity… Increases As we move down a group, electron affinity… Stays the same

Electron Affinity As number of valence electrons increases, electron affinity… Increases As ionization energy increases, electron affinity…

Electronegativity The total ability of an atom to hold an electron

Electronegativity As we move across a period, electronegativity… Increases As we move down a group, electronegativity… Decreases

Electronegativity As atomic radius increases, electronegativity… Decreases As number of valence electrons increases, electronegativity… Increases

Electronegativity As ionization energy increases, electronegativity… As electron affinity increases, electronegativity…

To Recap… Many valence electrons High Ionization Energy High electron affinity High electronegativity To Recap… High Atomic Radius

Regents Problems, Round 1 The elements on the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass atomic number molar mass oxidation number

Regents Problems, Round 2 Which list of elements from Group 2 on the Periodic Table is arranged in order of increasing atomic radius? Be, Mg, Ca Ca, Mg, Be Ba, Ra, Sr Sr, Ra, Ba

Regents Problems, Round 3 Which atom in the ground state requires the least amount of energy to remove its valence electron? lithium atom potassium atom rubidium atom sodium atom

Regents Problems, Round 4 Which general trend is found in Period 3 as the elements are considered in order of increasing atomic number? increasing atomic radius increasing electronegativity decreasing atomic mass decreasing first ionization energy

Regents Problems, Round 5 Compared to the atoms of nonmetals in Period 3, the atoms of metals in Period 3 have fewer valence electrons more valence electrons fewer electron shells more electron shells

Regents Problems, Round 6 In the ground state, each atom of an element has two valence electrons. This element has a lower first ionization energy than calcium. Where is this element located on the Periodic Table? Group 1, Period 4 Group 2, Period 5 Group 2, Period 3 Group 3, Period4

Regents Problems, Round 7 An atom of which element has the greatest attraction for the electrons in a bond with a hydrogen atom? Chlorine Phosphorus Silicon sulfur

Regents Problems, Round 8 As the elements is Period 3 are considered in order of increasing atomic number, there is a general decrease in atomic mass atomic radius electronegativity first ionization energy

Regents Problems, Round 9 Which element has chemical properties that are most similar to the chemical properties of sodium? Beryllium Calcium Lithium magnesium

Regents Problems, Round 10 As atomic number increases within Group 15 on the Periodic Table, atomic radius decreases, only increases, only decreases, then increases increases, then decreases