FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chapter 3 The Biosphere Section 3 – 2 Energy Flow

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Energy Flow Energy flows through EcosystemsEnergy flows through Ecosystems –Producers –Consumers

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Producers Key Concept: –Sunlight is the main source of energy for most life on earth.

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Producers Key Concept: –Some organisms rely on energy stored in inorganic chemical compounds

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Autotrophs An Autotroph Is Any Organism That Can Produce Its Own Food Supply!

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Autotrophs = Producer AKA A lso K nown A s PRODUCER captures energy and transforms it into organic, stored energy for the use of living organisms.

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Photoautotroph Producer That Captures Energy from the sun by: –Photosynthesis Adds Oxygen to the atmosphereAdds Oxygen to the atmosphere Removes Carbon Dioxide from the AtmosphereRemoves Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT On LandOn Land –Plants In The SeaIn The Sea –Algae Tidal Flats & Salt MarshesTidal Flats & Salt Marshes –Cyanobacteria Photoautotroph

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Chemoautotroph Capture energy from the bonds of inorganic moleculesCapture energy from the bonds of inorganic molecules –Hydrogen Sulfide –The Process Is Called: Chemosynthesis

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Black Smoker

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Autotrophs Know the difference between Photosynthesis &Chemosynthesis

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Consumers THAT’SYOU

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Consumers You are a HETEROTROPH

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Consumers Heterotrophs eat other organisms to obtain energy. HerbivoresHerbivores –Eat Only Plants CarnivoresCarnivores –Eat Only Other Animals

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Consumers Heterotrophs eat other organisms to obtain energy. Omnivores (That’s You)Omnivores (That’s You) –Eat Plants & Animals DetritivoresDetritivores –Feed On Dead Plant & Animal Remains DecomposersDecomposers –Fungi & Bacteria

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Feeding Relationships Key Concept: Energy flows through an ecosystem in one direction from producers to various levels of consumers

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Feeding Relationships Food ChainFood Chain –Simple Energy path through an ecosystem –Pg. 69 Food WebFood Web –More realistic path through an ecosystem

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Food Chain

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Food Web

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Trophic Levels Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Web is a Trophic Level. ProducersProducers –Always The First Trophic Level –How Energy Enters The System HerbivoresHerbivores –Second Trophic Level

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Trophic Levels Each Level In A Food Chain or Food Web is a Trophic Level. Carnivores/OmnivoresCarnivores/Omnivores –Make Up The Remaining Trophic Levels Each level depends on the one below it for energy.

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Food Chain

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT

Ecological Pyramids Graphic Representations Of The Relative Amounts of Energy or Matter At Each Trophic Level Energy Pyramid Biomass Pyramid Pyramid of Numbers

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Energy Pyramid

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Biomass Pyramid

FOOTHILL HIGH SCHOOL SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Pyramid of Numbers