1 Building Capacity for Instructional Improvement in Mathematics: Day 2 بناء القدرات لتحسين نوعية تدريس الرياضيات : اليوم الثاني المحاضران : انجل تشارلز.

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Presentation transcript:

1 Building Capacity for Instructional Improvement in Mathematics: Day 2 بناء القدرات لتحسين نوعية تدريس الرياضيات : اليوم الثاني المحاضران : انجل تشارلز ودرو ايكلسون Presented by Angel Charles and Drew Echelson

2 Organizing Schools and Districts for Rigorous Mathematics Instruction تنظيم المدارس والمقاطعات حول تدريس الرياضيات الصارم

3 Agenda برنامج العمل Day 2: How can we build capacity in our schools for the implementation of high leverage instructional practices that support our students in reaching high standards? Focus on improving teacher capacity in three areas: -Content -Pedagogy (the focus for our presentation) -Support for the struggling student -Data-driven decision making اليوم الثاني : كيف نبني القدرات في مدارسنا لتطبيق ممارسات التعليم عالية المستوى لمساعدة التلاميذ على الوصول إلى مستوى المعايير العالية. التركيز على تحسين قدرات المعلمين في النواحي التالية : - المضمون أو المحتوى العلمي - البيداغوجية / تكنولوجيا التدريس ( وهذا هو محور المحاضرة ) - مساعدة التلاميذ الذين يواجهون صعوبات في التعلّم - اتختذ القرارات المبنية على البيانات

4 Overview How does a school create the systems and structures that allow for powerful instruction in classrooms? How does a school create the systems and structures that bring powerful instruction to scale? How does this apply to the context of your school and/or district? كيف تضع مدرسة ما الأنظمة والبنى التي تؤدّي إلى عملية تدريس فعالة إلى حدٍّ كبير وفق المقياس؟ كيف تضع مدرسة ما الأنظمة والبنى التي تؤدّي إلى عمليّة تدريس فعالة إلى حدٍّ كبير في غرفة الصفّ؟ كيف يُطبَّق ذلك في نطاق مدارسكم؟

5 Focus for Improving Teacher Capacity التركيز على تحسين قدرات المعلمين Three Areas of Teacher Knowledge  Knowledge of the content  Knowledge of the best instructional practices for teaching that content  Knowledge of how to scaffold learning for the struggling student -Dr. Richard Elmore, Bridging the Gap between Standards and Achievement: The Imperative for Professional Development in Education, ثلاث نواحٍ في المعرفة العلمية للمعلم  معرفة المضمون أو المحتوى العلمي  معرفة أفضل الممارسات في تدريس المضمون أو المحتوى العلمي  معرفة كيفية أعادة بناء أو تركيب التعلّم لدى التلميذ الذي يواجه الصعوبات - الدكتور ريشارد المور، ” تضييق الهوة بين المعايير والتحصيل العلمي : الأولوية للتنمية المهنية للمعلمين “ ، 2002

6 Guiding Question سؤال توجيهي How can we develop teachers’ knowledge of effective instructional practices in mathematics? كيف ننمي معرفة المعلمين حول الممارسات الفعّالة في تدريس الرياضيات؟

7 How can we develop teachers’ pedagogical knowledge? كيف ننمي معرفة المعلمين بالبيداغواجية / تكنولوجيا التعليم؟ Clear Expectation for Classroom Practices Mathematics Coaches Collaborative Coaching and Learning Inquiry Groups توقعات واضحة ودقيقة للتطبييقات الصفيّة مسؤول تدريس الرياضيات التدريب والتعلم التعاوّني مجموعات التقصّي / التحقق أو الاستكشاف

8 Clear Expectations for Classroom Practices توقعات واضحة ودقيقة للتطبيقات الصفيّة Developed by Instructional Leadership Team comprised of administrators and teachers Makes Visible the Work of Instruction in 4 Areas: -Classroom Organization -Teacher Practice -Student Response -Student Work Re-Visited and Revised on an On-Going Basis يُعدها فريق من مسؤولي المجموعات من المدراء والمعلمين اظهار عمل التدريس في اربع نواحٍ : - تنظيم وإدارة الصف - ممارسة المعلم - تجاوب التلاميذ - عمل التلاميذ تطويرها باستمرار

9 Mathematics Coaches مسؤولو تدريس الرياضيات يتمتعون بخبرة عميقة في المضمون أو المحتوى العلمي يعملون مباشرة في غرف الصفوف ينظمون لقاءات التدريب والتعلّم التعاوني عبر الصفوف يؤمنون مساعدة مباشرة ويراقبون الحصص الدراسية ويقدمون نماذج منها امام المعلمين تيسير وتنظيم لقاءات التخطيط Recognized for expertise in content Work directly in classrooms Organize Collaborative Coaching and Learning across grade levels Provide over-the-shoulder coaching and mentoring and demonstration lessons Facilitate planning meetings

10 Collaborative Coaching and Learning (CCL) التدريب والتعلّم التعاوني Synthesis of ideas and approaches: -Medical Rounds Model -Inter-Visitations -Peer Observation تحليل الأفكار والمقاربات  نموذج الجولات / الدورات الطبية  الزيارات الداخلية  مراقبة أو مشاهدة النظير / الزميل

11 Focused on student learning Job-embedded Required of all teachers Followed up on by administrative learning walks and supervision Begins at level of teacher’s conceptual understanding Provides opportunities for: -Practice -Evaluation -Reflection -Follow-up Discourse Collaborative Coaching and Learning (CCL) التدريب والتعلّم التعاوني التركيز على تعلّم التلاميذ العمل ضمنيًا / المبني على العمل المطلوب من المعلمين كافة المتابعة من خلال زيارات المديرين أو المشرفين البدء إنطلاقًا من مستوى الجانب المفهومي للمعلم تأمين الفرص لـ :  التمرّن  التقويم  ابداء الرأي أو التعليق  متابعة النقاش

12 Three Components  Pre-Conference: minutes  Demonstration Lesson: 60 minutes  De-Brief: minutes Collaborative Coaching and Learning (CCL) التدريب والتعلّم التعاوني ثلاثة مكوّنات  ما قبل الاجتماع : دقيقة  عرض نموذج حصة دراسية : 60 دقيقة  استخلاص المعلومات ومناقشتها : دقيقة

13 Pre-Conference ما قبل الاجتماع يتفحص ويناقش المشاركون حصة الرياضيات مع المعلم المضيف والميّسير :  تحديد أفكار الرياضيات الأساسية  يصف المعلم المضيف حصة الرياضيات  ينفذ المضمون  يتفحص الأهداف التعلّمية  يبين كيف سيتجاوب التلاميذ في حصة الرياضيات Participants examine and discuss math lesson with host teacher and facilitator: Identify the ‘big math ideas’ Host teacher describes the lesson Do the math Examine learning goals Anticipate how students will engage in the mathematics

14 Classroom Observation المشاهدة الصفيّة يعطي حصة الرياضيات مسؤول الرياضيات أو المعلم المضيف أو الاثنين معًا يشاهد المعلمون الزائرون تجاوب التلاميذ في حصة الرياضيات ويسجلون الملاحظات يجتمع المعلمون الزائرون مع التلاميذ لمعرفة طريقة تفكيرهم May be taught by coach, coach and host teacher, or host teacher Visiting teachers observe students engaging in the mathematics and take notes Visiting teachers sit with students to observe their thinking

15 Post-Visit Discussion نقاش ما بعد الزيارة How did the students engage in the mathematics? Was it in the way we imagined? If not, why? What did they seem to understand? Where did they struggle? What is the evidence? What might be next steps for this class? Teachers comment/raise questions كيف تجاوب التلاميذ في حصة الرياضيات؟ هل كان ذلك في الطريقة نفسها التي تخيلناها؟ اذا كان الجواب لا، لماذا؟ ما الذي تبين لنا انهم فهموه؟ اين واجهوا صعوبة في الفهم؟ ما هو البرهان على ذلك؟ ما هي الخطوات التالية في هذا الصف؟ تعليقات / ملاحظات المعلمين – طرح الأسئلة

16 Data Used in Four Ways استثمار البيانات في اربع طرق Identify Students Struggling to Meet Standards Determine Curriculum Alignment Target Professional Development Needs Identify Teacher Strengths in Particular Instructional Areas تحديد التلاميذ الذين يواجهون الصعوبات في الوصول إلى مستوى المعايير تحديد مدى تماسك وتراصف المنهج استهداف احتياجات التنمية المهنية للمعلمين تحديد نقاط قوة المعلم في احدى اساليب وطرائق التعليم

17 Data البيانات “Every Statistic Has a Name and a Face” ” كل معلومة احصائية لها اسم ووجه “

18 Video Observation… مشاهدة الفيديو...

19 Reflect ابداء الرأي أو التعليق / التحليل Why are these elements of capacity important? How can your district implement these initiatives with teachers? What is the next level of your work? What specific commitment are you willing to make as you go back out into the field as a supervisor of mathematics? What steps do you need to take to insure quality implementation of commitment? لماذا عناصر القدرة هذه مهمة؟ كيف يستطيع مسؤولو المقاطعة تطبيق هذه المبادرات بالتعاون مع المعلمين؟ ما هي الخطوة التالية في عملك / توجهك؟ ما هي الالتزامات الخاصة التي تنوي اتخاذها عند معاودة عملك في الميدان كمشرف / كموجه لمادة الرياضيات؟ ما هي الخطوات الواجب اتخاذها لتأمين نوعية عالية لتطبيق الالتزامات؟

20 Additional Research in Mathematics Education Bishop, Wayne, and Hook, John. (2007). A Quality math curriculum in support of effective teaching for elementary schools. Educational Studies in Mathematics, June 2007, 65(2), Boe, Erling and Shin, Sujie. (2005). Is the United States Really Losing the International Horse Race in Academic Achievement? Phi Delta Kappan, May 2005, 86(9), Garelick, Barry. (2006). Miracle math. Education Next, 6(4), Fall 2006, Hill, Heather C., Rowan, Brian, and Ball, Deborah Loewenberg. (2005). Effects of Teachers’ Mathematical Knowledge for Teaching on Student Achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 42(2),

21 Additional Research in Mathematics Education Lewis, Anne C. (2005). Washington Commentary: Endless ping-pong over math education. Phi Delta Kappan, 86(6), February 2005, Ma, Liping. (1999). Knowing and teaching elementary mathematics: Teachers understanding of fundamental mathematics in China and the United States. (Forward, pp ix-xii; Introduction, pp xvii-xxv; Chapter 1, pp. 1-27; Chapter 3, pp ). Mahwah, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers. Marshall, John (2003). Math wars: Taking sides. Phi Delta Kappan, November 2003, 95(3), Moses, Robert. (2001). Radical equations: Math literacy and civil rights. Boston: Beacon Press. Ch 4, ; Ch 5, Pascopella, Angela. (2007). Focal points for pre-K8 math. District Administration, May 2007, 43 (5),

22 Additional Research in Mathematics Education Schleppenbach, M., Perry, M., Miller, K. L., Sims, L., & Ge Fang. (2007). The answer is only the beginning. Extended discourse in Chinese and U.S. mathematics classroom. Journal of Educational Psychology, 99(2), Stigler, James W. and Hiebert, James. (2004). Improving mathematics teaching. Educational Leadership, 61(5), February 2004, TIMMS Video mathematics research group. (2003). Understanding and improving mathematics teaching: Highlights from the TIMSS 1999Video Study. Phi Delta Kappan, June 2003, 84(10),

23 For Further Information Drew Echelson: Angel Charles: Educational Research Center / House of Education