CLIMATE CHAPTER 3:

All of the world’s climates take place in the atmosphere: 1.its protects us from harmful things from space 2.gives us air 3.gives us weather and climate

Climate- is the kind of weather a place has over a period of time Weather- is the condition of the atmosphere of a place at a given time. All weather activity is dependent upon the sun’s energy.

THINGS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE 1.Pressure and Winds - pressure is the weight of the air: hot air rises cold air sinks Earth’s surface will heat up and air will rise- creating a low pressure cell. (clouds, rain, snow, storms).

THINGS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE Cool air will weigh more and will sink- creating a high pressure cell. Winds blow from areas of high to low pressure. Lows turn counter clock wise in the Northern Hemisphere Highs turn clockwise The direction is reverses in the Southern Hemisphere.

THINGS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE 2. Ocean Currents: Currents- movement of water in the ocean caused by winds. Gulf Stream- moves warm water to the North. This helps some Northern areas to be warmer. 3. Moisture in the Air: Humidity- amount of water vapor in the air. Warm air can hold more water vapor.

THINGS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE 4. Storms- a release of energy stored in the water vapor in the air. Hurricanes move from the low to mid- latitudes. 5. Elevation: The higher one goes the colder it gets 36 degrees F cooler for every 1000’ 6. Nearness to bodies of water

MT. KILIMANJARO

7. OROGRAPHIC EFFECT

TYPES OF WIND Trade Winds- blow from East to West. From NE in Northern Hemisphere, from SE in Southern Hemisphere. Doldrums- areas with no strong winds. Along the equator. Westerlies- in Mid-Latitudes blow from the west. Polar Easterlies- In high latitudes Polar Front- where the polar easterlies and westerlies come together. Stormy area.