Section 1.2: Physical & Chemical Properties of Matter

Physical Properties Hardness A measure of the resistance of a solid to being scratched Eg. Diamond is hard and chalk is soft

Physical Properties State Is the substance a solid, liquid or gas at room temperature Eg. Metal is solid, milk is liquid and helium is a gas

Physical Properties Malleability The ability to be hammered or bent into different shapes Eg. Aluminum is malleable and glass is brittle

Physical Properties Ductility The ability to be pulled into wires Eg. Copper is ductile and coal is not

Physical Properties Melting Point & Boiling Point M.P. when a solid turns into a liquid & B.P. when a liquid turns into a gas Eg. Water at 0°C & 100°C

Physical Properties Crystal Form Solid mineral structure with a regular pattern of 3D shapes Eg. Salt is crystal but plastic is not

Physical Properties Solubility The ability to dissolve in a solvent such as water Eg. Salt is soluble in water and pepper is not

Physical Properties Viscosity A measure of how easily a liquid flows Eg. Maple syrup is more viscous than milk

Physical Properties Density The amount of matter per unit volume of substance Eg. Lead is more dense than feathers

Chemical Properties Combustibility The ability to react rapidly with oxygen and release heat and light energy Eg. Gasoline is combustible and water is not

Chemical Properties Reaction with Acid The ability to react with acid and produce a gas Eg. Baking soda reacts with acid and makes gas and bubbles and gold does not