Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution The Universe Today.

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Presentation transcript:

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution The Universe Today

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution Getting a sense of scale “ Powers of 10 ” (1977) by Ray and Charles Eames Narrated by Philip Morrison

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution KmLight years Radius of Earth6378 Earth Moon distance384,000 Earth Sun distance1.5 X 10 8 (1 a.u) Nearest star4.1 X Center of the milky way2.5 X Nearest galaxy (Andromeda)2 X 10 6 (2 Mly) Virgo Cluster5.3 X 10 7 (53 Mly) Quasars Bly Cosmic background13 Bly Visible universe13.2 Bly 1 ly = speed of light X 1 year = (3 X 10 5 km/s) X (3.15 X 10 7 s) = 9.5 X km Getting a sense of scale

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution The solar system Oops! Sorry Pluto! Footnote: over 400 exoplanets have now been detected!

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution Stars & the Milky Way stars 100,000 ly across Spiral arms stars 100,000 ly across Spiral arms

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution Galaxies & Clusters Andromeda M 31 Virgo Cluster Hydra Cluster

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution Gas & Dust

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution Gas & Dust

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution ExoticaExotica Supernovae Neutron stars Pulsars Black Holes

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution ExoticaExotica Colliding galaxies Supermassive black holes 3 billion solar masses 4 million solar masses A SMBH in the Milky Way

Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution ExoticaExotica Quasars

Isotropy of the universe SystemDistanceStructure Solar system10 9 kmOrbits Galaxy26 klySpiral arms, core Local group3 Mly17 galaxies Virgo cluster65 Mly>2000 galaxies Local supercluster300 Mly100 clusters Distant clusters3 BlyIsotropic Quasars10 BlyIsotropic CMB13 BlyIsotropic to Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution

Measuring distance in astronomy 1 arcsecond 1 a.u 1 parsec 1 parsec = 3.26 ly Parallax Bio/EPS/Phys 210 Epic of Evolution