Water cycle- Cycling maintains homeostasis (balance)

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Presentation transcript:

Water cycle- Cycling maintains homeostasis (balance) in the environment. Water cycle 2. Carbon cycle 3. Nitrogen cycle Water cycle-

Carbon cycle- Photosynthesis and respiration cycle carbon and oxygen through the environment.

* Carbon EXISTS in abiotic environment as: 1. Carbon dioxide [CO2 (gas)] in the atmosphere dissolves in H2O to form HCO3- 2. Carbonate rocks (limestone & coral = CaCO3) 3. Deposits of coal, petroleum, and natural gas derived from once living things 4. Dead organic matter (humus in the soil) * Carbon ENTERS biotic environment through: 1. Photosynthesis: changes light energy to chemical energy * Carbon RETURNS to atmosphere by: 1. Respiration CO2 2. Decomposition / Decay 3. Burning * Carbon Cycle and Humans: 1. Removal of photosynthesizing plants 2. Combustion of fossil fuels

Nitrogen cycle-

* ~78% of air is N2 gas * N is essential to plants and animals * Plants and animals can’t use N2 gas * Usable N: ammonia (NH3) or nitrate (NO3-) * Conversion of atmospheric N2 to NH3 and NO3-: Nitrogen fixation (how nitrogen ENTERS the cycle) Aquatic ecosystems: blue-green algae Terrestrial ecosystems: bacteria on root nodules of legumes (peas, beans, alfalfa, clover) Lightning * Nitrogen RETURNS to soil by AMMONIFICATION: decomposition of once living things by ammonifying bacteria + fungi exists in soil as nitrate (NO3-), nitrite (NO2-), and ammonia (NH3) * Nitrogen RETURNS to atmosphere by DENITRIFICATION: - denitrifying bacteria Nitrogen Cycle and Humans: - Nitrogen required for genetic materials (DNA, RNA, amino acids)