WHAT DOES THIS POLITICAL CARTOON SUGGEST ABOUT

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Presentation transcript:

WHAT DOES THIS POLITICAL CARTOON SUGGEST ABOUT PRESIDENTIAL CAMPAIGNS? http://www.opensecrets.org/pres08/index.php

Why are campaigns so expensive Why are campaigns so expensive? Brainstorm & make a list of expenses w/a partner.

“MONEY IS THE MOTHER’S MILK OF POLITICS?” MANY CANDIDATES HAVE SAID THIS AND EXPERIENCED IT. WHAT DOES IT MEAN FOR THE CANDIDATE AND THE ELECTION PROCESS ITSELF?

WHAT MESSAGE IS THE CARTOON EXPRESSING WHAT MESSAGE IS THE CARTOON EXPRESSING? WHAT PROBLEMS ARISE FOR A REPUBLIC IF THIS IS TRUE? WHAT WOULD MADISON’S POSITION BE ON CONTROLLING THE “SHADOWY” FIGURE?

Campaigns and Elections

“Mudslinging” – A political term used to describe negative campaigning “Mudslinging” – A political term used to describe negative campaigning. Instead of emphasizing one's own positive attributes or policies, it is an attempt to gain an advantage by attacking your opponent, or their policies. Why do you think negative ads about a political opponent are more effective than ads that extol positive attributes about yourself?

PACs (Political Action Committees) 527 and 501(c) Groups Description: PACs collect money and then make campaign contributions to candidates and/or run TV ads for those candidates. PACs are formed by interest groups, corporations, and labor unions to solicit voluntary campaign contributions from individuals that are then used to help candidates win elections. Named after section 527and 501(c) of the U.S. tax code, they are largely unregulated by the FEC, so wealthy individuals, corporations, and labor unions can make large donations. They use the money to run “issue ads”. These ads are regularly used to smear the opponent of the candidate that they would like to win. Examples: National Right to Life PAC http://www.nrlpac.org/ NARAL Pro-Choice America PAC http://www.prochoiceamerica.org/ NRA-PVF http://www.nrapvf.org/ SARAHPAC http://www.sarahpac.com/ HOOFPAC http://www.hoofpac.com/about/index.html Swift Boat Veterans for Truth (2004) Let Freedom Ring (2008) American Issues Project (2008) MoveOnOrg (2008) Defenders of Wildlife Action Fund (2008)

SUPER PACS created in July 2010 after SpeechNow.org v. Federal Election Commission. Known as independent expenditure-only committees may raise unlimited sums of money from corporations, unions, associations and individuals, then spend unlimited sums to overtly advocate for or against political candidates.

SUPER PACS Super PACs must, however, report their donors to the Federal Election Commission on a monthly or quarterly basis -- the Super PAC's choice -- as a traditional PAC would. Unlike traditional PACs, Super PACs are prohibited from donating money directly to political candidates

Campaign Finance Federal Election Campaign Act 1974 BCFRA Established the FEC- Federal Election Commission to enforce federal campaign laws. 6 members-3 dem, 3 rep BCFRA Eliminated soft money Increased individual contributions directly to candidates

Campaign Finance Cases Buckley v. Valeo Challenged FECA on limitations placed on contributions as a limit to freedom of expression Decision: Upheld limitations on donations by individuals to help maintain “free competitive elections” Struck down limitations on candidates spending their own money on campaigns-not necessary to limit the potential for corruption

Campaign Finance Cases McConnell v. FEC Were the restrictions on soft money from the BCFRA unconstitutional? Decision Limitations on soft money was permitted as the impact of free speech was minimal Congress had not exceeded its powers.

Campaign Finance Cases Citizens United v. FEC Court ruled that the First Amendment does not permit laws to discriminate between corporations and individuals when it comes to spending INDEPENDENT of candidates and political parties. Allows corporations and unions to spend money directly advocating election or defeat of candidates. NO CONNECTION WITH PARTY OR CANDIDATE.

CURRENT LIMITATIONS FEC REGULATED- all groups must file disclosure reports-who gave and how spent Individual limits $2400 per candidate per election $5000 to a PAC per year $30,400 to national political party per year $10,000 to federal acct of state party committee No more than $115,500 for two year cycle

CURRENT LIMITATIONS PACS $5000 per candidate per election $15000 to national political parties If PAC makes contributions to candidates or parties, then it can only accept hard money and follow restrictions IF a Super PAC and makes independent expenditures, not bound by federal contribution restrictions