States of Consciousness Sleep Dreams Drugs

Free Write On a piece of paper (you will turn this in), please write one paragraph for each: –Sleep Why do we sleep? What purpose does it serve? How much do you get? Is there such a thing as too much? How long can you go without it? –Dreams Why do we dream? Do dreams have meaning? Can the future or past be told in dreams? Are they simply entertainment?

Sleep Deficit How many hours of sleep do you get a night (school night, weekend)? Are you sleep deprived? Teenagers need NINE hours of sleep each night. They also don’t feel tired until about 11:00pm.

Sleep Deficit Quiz I need an alarm clock in order to wake up at the appropriate time. It's a struggle for me to get out of the bed in the morning. Weekday mornings I hit the snooze button several times to get more sleep. I feel tired, irritable, and stressed-out during the week. I have trouble concentrating and remembering. I feel slow with critical thinking, problem solving, and being creative. I often fall asleep watching TV. I often fall asleep in boring meetings or lectures or in warm rooms. I often fall asleep after heavy meals or after a low dose of alcohol. I often fall asleep while relaxing after dinner.

Sleep Deficit I often fall asleep within five minutes of getting into bed. I often feel drowsy while driving. I often sleep extra hours on weekend mornings. I often need a nap to get through the day. I have dark circles around my eyes. n Count up “yes” responses 0-3 Perfect Sleep! 4-11 Various levels of sleep deprivation 12+ Seek professional help!

Waking and Sleeping Rhythms

When we are awake we are? In a state of Consciousness Our awareness of ourselves and our surroundings.

Conscious Subconscious Unconscious

Why do we daydream? They can help us prepare for future events. They can nourish our social development. Can substitute for impulsive behavior.

Biological Rhythms Annual Cycles: seasonal variations (bears hibernation, seasonal affective disorder) 28 day cycles: menstrual cycle. 24 hour cycle: our circadian rhythm 90 minute cycle: sleep cycles.

Circadian Rhythm Our 24 hour biological clock. Our body temperature and awareness changes throughout the day. It is best to take a test or study during your circadian peaks. How can the circadian rhythm help explain jet lag? Sunday night insomnia

Sleep

Sleep Stages There are 5 identified stages of sleep. It takes about minutes to pass through the 5 stages. The brain’s waves will change according to the sleep stage you are in. The first four stages and know as NREM sleep.. The fifth stage is called REM sleep.

Stage One This is experienced as falling to sleep and is a transition stage between wake and sleep. It usually lasts between 1 and 10 minutes and occupies approximately 2-5 % of a normal night of sleep. eyes begin to roll slightly. Hallucinations can occur and feeling of falling.

Stage Two This follows Stage 1 sleep and is the "baseline" of sleep. This stage is part of the 90 minute cycle and occupies approximately 45-60% of sleep. (20 minutes)

Stages Three & Four Stages three and four are "Delta" sleep or "slow wave" sleep and may last minutes. Contrary to popular belief, it is delta sleep that is the "deepest" stage of sleep (not REM) and the most restorative.

Stage Three and Four (continued) It is delta sleep that a sleep-deprived person's brain craves the first and foremost. In children, delta sleep can occupy up to 40% of all sleep time and this is what makes children unawake able or "dead asleep" during most of the night.

Stage Five: REM SLEEP REM: Rapid Eye Movement This is a very active stage of sleep. Composes % of a normal nights sleep. Breathing, heart rate and brain wave activity quicken. Vivid Dreams can occur. From REM, you go back to Stage 2

How much sleep do we need? We all need different amounts of sleep depending on our age and genetics. But we ALL sleep- about 25 years on average. How do you feel when you don’t get enough sleep?

Can you just make up lost sleep in one night? NO

Inside the Teenage Mind Inside the Teenage Mind from ZZZ’s to A’s

Why do we need sleep? (Two theories) 1.Ecological Niche: back in the day, darkness meant death, those that slept did not go out, thus did not die. Sleep protects us.

2. Sleep helps us recuperate and restores the breakdown of our body.

What does this mean?

Sleep Disorders

Insomnia Persistent problems falling asleep or staying asleep Effects 10% of the population Primary versus Secondary Insomnia

Narcolepsy Suffer from sleeplessness and may fall asleep at unpredictable or inappropriate times. Directly into REM sleep Less than.001 % of population. Rusty and poodle clips

Sleep Apnea A person stops breathing during their sleep. Wake up momentarily, gasps for air, then falls back asleep. Very common, especially in heavy males. Can be fatal.

Night Terrors Wake up screaming and have no idea why. Not a nightmare. Most common in children (boys) between ages 2-8.

Somnambulism Sleep Walking Most often occurs during the first few hours of sleeping and in stage 4 (deep sleep). If you have had night terrors, you are more likely to sleep walk when older.

Sleepwalking The sleep walking activity may include simply sitting up and appearing awake while actually asleep, getting up and walking around, or complex activities such as moving furniture, going to the bathroom, dressing and undressing, and similar activities. Some people even drive a car while actually asleep. The episode can be very brief (a few seconds or minutes) or can last for 30 minutes or longer. One common misconception is that a sleep walker should not be awakened. It is not dangerous to awaken a sleep walker, although it is common for the person to be confused or disoriented for a short time on awakening. Another misconception is that a person cannot be injured when sleep walking. Actually, injuries caused by such things as tripping and loss of balance are common for sleep walkers.

Other sleep problems Bruxism-teeth grinding Enuresis-bed wetting Myoclonus-sudden jerking of a body part in stage 1 or 2

Dreams 3 Theories

Freud’s Wish Fulfillment Theory of Dreams Dreams are a roadway into our unconscious. –Manifest Content (storyline) –Latent Content (underlying meaning)

Information-Processing Theory Dreams are a way to deal with the stresses of everyday life. We tend to dream more when we are more stressed.

Activation-Synthesis Theory Our Cerebral Cortex is trying to interpret random electrical activity we have while sleeping. That is why dreams sometimes make no sense. Biological Theory.