1 Dr. Walter L. Warnick Director DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information DTIC 2008 Conference April 8, 2008 Keynote Address Advancing Scientific Global Discovery

2 To advance science and sustain technological creativity by making R&D findings available and useful to DOE researchers and the American people OSTI Mission

3 Science Progresses as Knowledge Is Shared OSTI Corollary: If the sharing of knowledge is accelerated, discovery is accelerated Profound implications for all of us in the information business!

4 Discovery Research Facilities High Performance Computing Scientists Information Information feeds discovery A Key Piece of Science Discovery

5 From: The Power of a Good Idea: quantitative modeling of the spread of ideas from epidemiological models, Luis M. A. Bettencourt, Ariel Cintron-Arias, Carlos Castillo-Chavez; David Kaiser, May 2005 Discovery path of US and UK authors The Spread of Knowledge Can Be Measured The Spread of Knowledge about Feynman Diagrams

6 The Spread of Knowledge Can Be Modeled Path of Best Trajectory From Report for the Office of Scientific and Technical Information: Population Modeling of the Emergence and Development of Scientific Fields; Luis M. A. Bettencourt, Carlos Castillo-Chavez, David Kaiser, David E. Wojick, October, 2006

7 Bettencourt, Castillo-Chavez, Kaiser, Wojick Paths of Acceleration The Spread of Knowledge Can Be Accelerated

8 Knowledge is contagious, and it’s our job to make sure everyone “catches” it easier and quicker! OSTI’s Creed To that end, we intend to study factors that determine the rate at which researchers will “catch” an idea if the contact rate between scientists is increased

9 …we must dispel the misperception that popular search engines are already doing the job But before we can accelerate the sharing of knowledge …

10 Web is still young, and will certainly hold surprises as it evolves Just as another well-known transformational technology held surprises … Web Is Transformational Technology for Sharing Knowledge

11 Google is capitalizing on this early era of Web technology and is hugely successful, powering more than half the world’s searching But we must remember that we are just in the beginning of this transformation. Further technological transformations may very well eclipse today’s search technology! A new, promising technology now emerging: federated search Eclipsing Current Search Technology

12 Much of Science Is Non-Googleable We in the information business need to recognize this gap between availability and need, and seize the opportunity to … Provide science information consumers with better tools In fact, the vast majority of science information is in databases within the deep Web – or the non-Googleable Web – where popular search engines cannot go

13 Federated search drills down to the deep Web where scientific databases reside We need systems, such as federated search, that probe the deep Web Unlike the Google sitemap protocol solution, federated search places no burden on the database owners Deep Web databases Surface Web

14 50 million pages of federal science information from 13 U.S. science agencies (including DoD – DTIC databases are part of Science.gov) Key DOE databases Our most recent federated search engine is WorldWideScience.org – the global science gateway OSTI has recognized the need to bridge this gap; our emerging solution is “federated” search (including DoD – DTIC databases are part of Science.gov)

15 In January 2007, Dr. Raymond Orbach, DOE Under Secretary for Science, and Lynne Brindley, Chief Executive of the British Library signed a Statement of Intent to partner in the development of a searchable global science gateway. International partnership kicks off global science gateway

16 WorldWideScience.org allows users to search multiple data sources around the globe from a single query search box Enables access to prominent as well as smaller, less well-known sources of highly valuable science WorldWideScience.org was launched in June 2007 and now searches 32 portals from 44 countries

17  A federation of the leading science portals sponsored by the governments and national institutions of 44 countries  A quantity of science (more than 200 million pages from every inhabited continent) searched comparable to that searchable via Google, with the bulk of the science being non-Googleable  A contrast to content searched by Google – WWS.org content tends to be scholarly  A breakthrough in content enabled by breakthrough technology What Is WorldWideScience.org?

18 Current National Partners in WorldWideScience.org Canada Denmark Brazil Australia India Argentina Chile Colombia Germany France Finland Algeria Botswana Burkina Faso Cameroon Congo, DR Cote d’lvoire Egypt Ethiopia Ghana Japan

19 Current National Partners in WorldWideScience.org (cont.) United States United Kingdom Spain South Africa Portugal The Netherlands New Zealand KenyaLesotho Libyan Arab Jamahiriya MalawiMauritius Nigeria Senegal Sudan Swaziland TanzaniaTogoUganda ZambiaZimbabwe Korea Sweden

20 Current WorldWideScience.org Sources African Journals Online (France) Australian Antarctic Data Centre Canada Institute for Scientific and Technical Information CSIR Research Space (South Africa) Defence Research and Development Canada (Canada) DEFF Global E Prints (Denmark) DEFF Research Database (Denmark) Directory of Open Access Journals (Sweden) Electronic Table of Contents (ETOC) (United Kingdom) Indian Academy of Sciences Indian Institute of Science Eprints Indian Institute of Science Theses & Dissertations Indian Medlars Centre J-EAST (Japan) J-STAGE (Japan) J-STORE (Japan) (Japan) Korea Science (Korea) NARCIS (Netherlands) Science.gov (United States) Scientific Electronic Library Online (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Portugal, Spain) Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand (New Zealand) UK PubMed Central (United Kingdom) Vascoda (Germany) VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Publications Register VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Research Register

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22 The stage Is Set for the Future We are ready to scale up our efforts in federated search. Simply put, we intend to make more science accessible to more people than anyone has done before.