10.1 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Goals  Understand sites  Design a site structure  Understand operations masters  Place domain controllers

10.2 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Sites  Logical representations of physical structure  Locations where all computers are well-connected  Well-connected means that all computers in a single site are connected by high-speed, reliable, and cost-effective links (such as a LAN)  Sites and site links have three main purposes  Controlling replication  Providing local logons  Controlling certain directory-enabled applications (Dfs) Understanding Sites (Skill 1)

10.3 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Controlling replication  Types of replication  Intrasite  Occurs spontaneously based on database changes  Allows for fast database convergence, but can be chaotic and bandwidth-intensive  Intersite  Occurs between designated bridgehead servers according to a schedule and interval  Always compressed  Path can be influenced by modifying the costs associated with site links Understanding Sites (2) (Skill 1)

10.4 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Site link properties  Sites participating in the link  Schedule upon which the link should be used  Interval in which replication will occur over the link  Cost for the link Understanding Sites (3) (Skill 1)

10.5 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Figure 10-2 an example site link (Skill 1)

10.6 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Site design  An important aspect of overall Active Directory design  Components  Defining sites  Associating subnets with sites  Defining site links  Defining site link bridge  Defining preferred bridgeheads Designing a Site Structure (Skill 2)

10.7 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Defining sites  In most networks, each physical location is its own site  If links between locations are fast, reliable, and inexpensive, may be able to combine more than one physical location into a single site Designing a Site Structure (2) (Skill 2)

10.8 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Associating subnets with sites  Subnets are used to allow clients to determine the site to which they are connected in order to correctly locate local servers  Create and configure site links  Mirror physical connectivity  Specify site link properties: cost, schedule, and interval Designing a Site Structure (3) (Skill 2)

10.9 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Site link schedule  To define, analyze the physical link(s) between sites with a monitoring application to determine periods of peak activity and amount of available bandwidth during period  If link(s) have a low amount of available bandwidth during peak periods, configure a schedule for the site link that excludes peak periods Designing a Site Structure (4) (Skill 2)

10.10 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Site link bridging  Automatically enabled by default  Allows direct replication to occur between sites that do not have a dedicated site link Designing a Site Structure (7) (Skill 2)

10.11 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Preferred bridgeheads  Bridgeheads are the focus of intersite replication  Knowledge Consistency Checker  Creates connection objects only between bridgehead servers for intersite replication  You can provide KCC with a list of one or more preferred bridgehead servers Designing a Site Structure (8) (Skill 2)

10.12 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Figure 10-8 Automatic site link bridging allows replication from site A to site C (Skill 2)

10.13 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Figure Specifying a preferred bridgehead server (Skill 2)

10.14 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Flexible Single Masters of Operations (FSMOs)  Commonly referred to as operations masters  Two general types of functions  Forest-wide operations master roles  Schema master  Domain naming master  Domain-wide operations master roles  Primary domain controller (PDC) emulator  Relative identifier (RID) master  Infrastructure master Understanding Operations Masters (Skill 3)

10.15 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Flexible Single Masters of Operations (FSMOs)  When you create the first domain in a new forest, all five operations master roles are assigned to the first domain controller in the domain  In child domains, only the domain-wide operations masters roles are assigned to the first domain controller in the domain Understanding Operations Masters (2) (Skill 3)

10.16 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Domain controller placement  Goals  Ensure that logons are possible regardless of any single point of failure  Ensure that logons are performed locally whenever possible  Each site should contain at least one domain controller  To ensure local logons in case of any single point of failure, need two domain controllers Placing Domain Controllers (Skill 4)

10.17 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Also analyze need for supporting servers  Global catalog server  DNS servers  DHCP servers  WINS server Placing Domain Controllers (2) (Skill 4)

10.18 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure  Placement of FSMO roles  Assign two forest-wide roles to a high-uptime server  Assign schema master and domain naming master roles to a single domain controller  Always have at least one additional domain controller to act as a standby operations master  Assign both the RID master and PDC emulator roles to the same domain controller  Do not assign the infrastructure master role to a domain controller that is also a global catalog server if there is more than one domain Placing Domain Controllers (3) (Skill 4)

10.19 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Figure Planning forest-wide operations master roles (Skill 4)

10.20 © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc. Exam Designing a Microsoft ® Windows ® Server 2003 Active Directory and Network Infrastructure Lesson 10: Planning the Site Structure Figure Planning domain-wide operations master roles (Skill 4)