M ANIFEST D ESTINY Anna Graves, Period 5

M ANIFEST D ESTINY Manifest Destiny- belief that America was destined to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific John L. O` Sullivan, 1845

O REGON C OUNTRY Huge area of land between the Pacific and the Rocky Mountains north of California Oregon, Washington, Idaho, parts of Montana and Wyoming Treaty with Great Britain Oregon Trail: 2000 miles, Mississippi Valley, Great Plains and Rocky Mountains, rivers- North Platte, South Platte, Columbia, Snake Polk’s slogan; States should have sole ownership

T EXAS Texans won their independence from Mexico and asked to be admitted to the United States. 1803, when U.S. bought Louisiana Territory He asked Mexican government to confirm the land grant, recruited 300 families to settle the Brazos and Colorado rivers, started colony, he was a leader among settlers in Texas They stopped all immigration from the U.S.; Americans were angry General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Mission in San Antonio; a battle between Texas and Mexico March 2, 1836; Washington on the Brazos

T EXAS CONTINUED …. Sam Houston Battle of San Jacinto: April 12, 1836; “Remember the Alamo! Remember Goliad!”; Texas killed 600 soldiers and captured 700 including Santa Anna, Santa Anna recognized Texas independence in a treaty Jackson refused to annex Texas, because adding another slave state would upset the balance of free and slave states in Congress. December 29, 1845 James K. Polk

W AR WITH M EXICO New Mexico, Arizona, Nevada, Utah and parts of Colorado and Wyoming The route William Becknell took to Santa Fe; Missouri River, Arkansas River, Rocky Mountains, New Mexico Territory Americans began settling the region Spanish mission system Mild The nation would be safely bordered by the sea instead of a foreign power Rio Grande Nueces river To get the cabinet to agree to a war with Mexico; They agreed that the attack was grounds for war with Mexico

W AR WITH M EXICO CONTINUED …. He was very against it, because he thought that if the U.S. expanded west then Southern states would bring slavery into the new territories. Bear Flag General Winfield Scott Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, February 1848 Rio Grande New Mexico and California Gadsden Purchase Arizona and New Mexico

N EW S ETTLERS IN C ALIFORNIA AND U TAH Gold Rush: 1849; California; forty-niners Sierra Nevada Mexico, South America, Europe, Australia and China (America) boomtown- community experiencing a sudden growth in business or population Grew from a small village to a city with about 20,000 people. Levi Strauss: Jewish immigrant; created denim pants

R ELIGIOUS R EFUGE IN U TAH Mormon Joseph Smith Killed by a mob in 1844 Brigham Young Great Salt Lake 1896

C AUSES AND E FFECTS OF W ESTWARD M OVEMENT Causes Americans accept Manifest Destiny. As the East becomes more crowded, Americans want more land. The West contains furs, lumber and precious metals. Effects Native Americans are forced off their lands. The United States wars with Mexico. The U.S. extends from the Atlantic to the Pacific.