The Respiratory System

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Presentation transcript:

The Respiratory System

1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8

Trachea / Wind pipe Muscles Lung Bronchiole Rib Air sacs / Alveoli Bronchus Diaphragm

This is where gas exchange happens... Alveoli / Air Sacs This is where gas exchange happens... Oxygen diffuses into the blood Carbon dioxide diffuses out

Air Sacs This is where gas exchange happens. Oxygen diffuses into the blood. Carbon dioxide diffuses out.

Gas exchange occurs in the alveoli of the lungs Oxygen diffuses into the blood Carbon dioxide diffuses out blood out CO2 blood in O2

Why are alveoli so effective for gas exchange?

Alveoli Alveoli are good at gas exchange because: They have a large surface area They have a good blood supply Their lining is moist They are very thin This means a lot of diffusion can happen quickly!

Why do veins look blue? Why is blood red? Haemoglobin, found in red blood cells, carries oxygen around the body. Haemoglobin contains iron which looks bright red combined with oxygen.

Nice dissection video http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/learning/bitesize/standard/biology/the_body_in_action/the_need_for_energy_rev3.shtml

What stops things getting into your lungs?

What stops things getting into your lungs? Mucus and Cilia http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=miEEluVlemQ

Respiratory System Trachea and bronchi are lined with: Rings of cartilage for support; prevents tubes closing Mucus to trap dirt and germs Cilia (tiny hairs) to sweep mucus out of the lungs

Model Lung

Breathing Breathing is not the same as respiration. Respiration is a chemical reaction. Breathing is the process of moving air in and out of the body.

Breathing When you breathe in what happens to... Your ribs? Your diaphragm? The volume of your lungs?

Breathing Inhale: take air into lungs Exhale: remove air from lungs

Lung Measurements

Lung Measurements Tidal volume: the volume of air you move in and out of your lungs when breathing normally Vital capacity: this is the maximum volume of air you can move out of your lungs Peak flow: this is the maximum rate which you can force air out of your lungs

Tidal volume Vital capacity Peak flow the maximum volume of air you can move out of your lungs Tidal volume the maximum rate which you can force air out of your lungs Vital capacity volume of air you move in and out of your lungs when breathing normally Peak flow

How much air can your lungs hold?

How long can you hold your breath? The man who can hold his breath for 10 minutes! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9Vcv01Jm-Ow

Tidal Volume (normal breath) Vital Capacity (forced exhale)

3800 200 7cm 19cm

What might a doctor use peak flow to test for? Peak flow can be used to test for asthma.

What factors might affect lung measurements What factors might affect lung measurements? What might cause someone to have a bigger or smaller vital capacity?

Size

Age

Sex

Fitness

Videos and Animations

http://www. ltscotland. org http://www.ltscotland.org.uk/glowscience/human_body/lungs/film_151/index.html

Respiration http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/RPRLC/launch.html http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/CRBLC/launch.html

Alveoli http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/AOALC/launch.html

Mucus http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/MUMLC/launch.html

Respiratory System http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/TRSLC/launch.html

Gas Exchange http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/GEXLC/launch.html

Air http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/GEXLC/launch.html http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/DNXLC/launch.html

Breathing http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningsteps/BRVLC/launch.html http://lgfl.skoool.co.uk/content/keystage3/biology/pc/learningSimulations/BRVSC/launch.html

Alveoli http://subscription.echalk.co.uk/Science/biology/breathing/RespiritorySystemLabelling/RespiratoryLabel.html

Respiratory System http://subscription.echalk.co.uk/Science/biology/breathing/RespiritorySystemLabelling/RespiratoryLabel.html

Breathing http://subscription.echalk.co.uk/Science/biology/breathing/breathingAni/breathing.html

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