Tuesday, Oct. 2 - Theater.

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Presentation transcript:

Tuesday, Oct. 2 - Theater

3 types Miracle plays Mystery plays Morality plays

Miracle plays “A miracle play presents a real or fictitious account of the life, miracles, or martyrdom of a saint. By 1200’s, they had been divorced from church services and were performed at public festivals. Almost all surviving miracle plays concern either the Virgin Mary or St. Nicholas, the 4th-century bishop of Myra in Asia Minor.” (Encyclopedia Brittanica online)

more “Both Mary and Nicholas had active cults during the Middle Ages, and belief in the healing powers of saintly relics was widespread.” Characters included “the devil, a woman falsely accused of murdering her own child, and a pregnant abbess.” “ Typical of these is a play called St. John the Hairy. At the outset the title character seduces and murders a princess. Upon capture, he is proclaimed a saint by an infant. He confesses his crime, whereupon God and Mary appear and aid John in reviving the princess, which done, the murderer saint is made a bishop.”

Why people knew Bible stories: medieval theater Nothing like we have Connected to the church

Mystery Plays Put on by guilds (= “mysteries”) On top of a wagon (which sometimes would be paraded into town) Told Biblical stories to illiterate people Very elaborate, involving hundreds of people Still ongoing in places like York and Chester

Wagons Sometimes quite simple

Wagon is brought in a parade

Evolved until it is more elaborate 2012 York Mystery Cycle What does this remind you of?

York mystery plays Each guild puts on one part, such as Guild of Goldsmiths – Coming of the 3 Kings Guild of Shipwrights – Building of the Ark Guild of Butchers – Death of Christ

The “stars” God Jesus Martyred saints Eve being tempted by Satan Fall of Adam Noah and the Ark

Elaborate Ark

Noah and family

Shepherds

The Life of Christ

Crucifixion of Christ

Morality Plays

First in Latin, then English Characters: Vices (Ignorance, Greed, Riot) Virtues (Humility, Good Deeds) The Devil

Battle between vices and virtues

Everyman may go to the devil A Simple Everyman Play

And some non-religious plays, too