S.A.T.E.L.L.I.T.E.S. Project Students And Teachers Evaluating Local Landscapes to Interpret The Earth from Space Cloud Frog picture, research project name, UT logo

NASA Funded Project The Use of Thermal Infrared Satellites to Detect Climate Changes For Example: Is Global Warming occurring ? If so, to what extent ?

Summer of 2000: Teachers who participated in a workshop at The University of Toledo.

Summer of 2001: Teachers who participated in a workshop at The University of Toledo.

Summer of 2002: Teachers who participated in a workshop at Ohio Aerospace Institute / NASA GRC.

S.A.T.E.L.L.I.T.E.S. Project Stats “STUDENT SCIENTISTS”: 1,975 Schools (K-12) Represented: 42 Study Area: Ohio, Michigan, Pennsylvania, New York Data Collection Periods: 40 days We have analyzed Snow Data so far, so the following are PRELIMINARY RESULTS about SNOW DATA ONLY ! Preliminary SNOW Observation Points: 213

There are 2 Big Pitfalls: 1) Related to Remote Sensing…. - Winter vs. Summer Data Collection - Validation of Cloud/Snow data from satellites We call this Phase 1 of the project !

Landsat 7 Satellite Image of Toledo, Ohio -- July 1, 2000

January 9, Landsat-7 Satellite Image Toledo, Ohio / Monroe, Michigan / Lake Erie Ice

We’re Asking You & Your Students to be the “Scientists in the field” ! Measured snow depth n Measured the snow- water equivalent n Types of clouds n Percent of cloud coverage Collected Cloud & Snow Data

THE ACCURACY OF THE SATELLITE’S TO DETECT SNOW ON THE GROUND PROBLEM #1 : PROBLEM #2 : THE ACCURACY OF THE SATELLITE’S TO DETECT CLOUDS So, in PHASE 1: WHAT ARE WE TESTING ?

Second Big Pitfall: 2) Location of Meteorological Stations… - At/Near Airports - Heat Island Effect We call this Phase 2 of the project !

Urban Heat Island Profile (Miller 1999)

Phase II will be implemented in 3 years After Phase I is completed

WHAT WILL WE DO WITH THE RESULTS AFTER WE ANALYZE YOUR DATA AND THE SATELLITE DATA ? Present at National and International Conference Post project on our website: Publish Satellite Snow/Cloud Validation papers Share information via WebCasts Then, we will compare the temperature readings from the satellite images to ground readings ! Fun w/ IRTs

Analyze Satellite Images MODIS Snow Products Lu Zhao Mike Edwards Why did we use MODIS ? 36 Bands -and- Every Day Image taken Need ground data from Great Lakes Region Algorithms recently developed * Correctly determining snow on a global basis helps scientists predict climate changes – ie. GW

Feb. 4, 2002 N MODIS – Snow Products w/ School Locations N Feb. 8, 2002 LEGEND State Boundaries School Locations Snow Inland Water No Snow (Land) Snow-Covered Lake Ice Clouds (Earth Obscured) Ocean

Feb. 8, 2002 LEGEND State Boundaries School Locations Snow Inland Water No Snow (Land) Snow-Covered Lake Ice Clouds (Earth Obscured) Ocean MODIS – Snow Product with School Locations

MODIS Data vs. “Student Scientists” Data Clouds = 477 Student Snow Observations Not Used MODIS Data Student Observations Preliminary Comparison ***

How do imaging satellites work? Satellite sensors “see” reflected and emitted radiation

Remote sensing images use the electromagnetic spectrum.

Spectral Reflectance Curves Spectral Reflectance High Low Spectral Region Blue Green Red Near IR Mid IR Water Vegetation Soil