Earth Science Intro Unit

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Earth Science Intro Unit

Presentation transcript:

Earth Science Intro Unit States of Matter Earth Science Intro Unit

What are the states of Matter? I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? Matter 1.All matter is made of atoms. 2. Atoms in constant motion. 3. Speed of a particle determines the state of matter. States of Matter. 1. Solid 2. Liquid 3. Gas

What are the states of Matter? I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? Solids 1. Definite shape 2. Definite Volume Atoms: 1. Very close together. 2. Vibrate in place.

What are the states of Matter? I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? Liquids 1. No definite shape 2. Definite volume Atoms: 1. Further apart 2. Move, have more kinetic energy.

What are the states of Matter? I will be able to define and describe matter and the three states of matter. What are the states of Matter? Gases 1. No definite shape: 2. No definite volume: Atoms: 1. Moving very fast. 2. Most energetic particle 3. Most kinetic energy. Move faster when heat is applied. Move slower when heat is taken away

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Changes in States A change of a substance from one physical state to another. Examples: 1. Water vapor to liquid water. 2. Liquid water to ice.

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Energy Gained or Lost 1. To change state, energy must be added or removed. 2. Gaining or losing energy changes the temperature of a substance.

What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? Energy / Motion of Particles. 1 Energy of the particles change. 2. The speed and the distance between particles change.

What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? Energy / Motion of Solid Particles. Vibrate in place 2. very slow movement 3. Least energetic molecules 4. particles close together

What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? Energy / Motion of Liquid Particles. Begin to move around Faster movement than solid Particles further apart

What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What happens to matter when a change of state occurs? Energy / Motion of Gas Particles. Move very quickly 2. Particles very far apart 3. Most energetic molecules

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Melting 1.Solid becomes liquid. 2.Energy is added Particles speed up. Temperature rises Melting point Temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Evaporation Add heat to a liquid 1. Atoms speed up. 2. Gain more energy 3. Become a gas Evaporation - Particles can escape from the surface of a liquid enough heat is added.

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Condensation The change in state from a gas to a liquid. 1.Cooling a gas 2.Taking heat away 3.Particles lose energy Condensation - Particles can go from a gas to a liquid if enough heat is taken away

What is a change in State? I will be able to explain what a change in state is and describe how matter changes state. What is a change in State? Freezing 1. Liquid becomes solid. 2. Loss of energy. a. Particles slow down b. Heat taken away c. Temperature cools Freezing point - Temperature at which a substance changes from a liquid to a solid.