CHAPTER 5: SECTION 1 TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION

THE PROCLAMATION OF 1763 Prohibited colonists from moving west of the Appalachian Mountains Allowed the British to control western movement Avoid conflicts with Native Americans Allowed trade between Britain and the colonies to flourish 10,000 troops placed in the colonies Increased revenue to pay for British troops Allowed Britain to control the fur trade

THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR Britain was in massive debt from the war Parliament believes that the colonists should pay part of the debt Protected the colonies Eliminated economic competition from France

WRITS OF ASSISTANCE 1767 Legal documents that allowed customs officers to enter any location to search for smuggled goods Vice Admiralty Courts – Smugglers are not allowed jury trials, instead facing military officers

THE SUGAR ACT 1764 Lowered tax on imported molasses Let officers seize goods from smugglers without going to court

COLONISTS’ REACTION British actions violated their rights as English citizens Writs of assitance – Violated their right to be secure in their home Vice-Admiralty Courts - Violated their right to trial by jury

THE STAMP ACT 1765 Placed a tax on almost all printed material Including: Newspapers Wills Playing cards All printed material had to have a stamp

COLONISTS’ REACTION TO THE STAMP ACT Patrick Henry- Convinces Virginia House of Burgesses to pass a resolution against the Stamp Act. Only Virginia can tax Virginians Samuel Adams Boston Sons of Liberty Burn effigies- rag figures- representing tax collectors and destroyed houses of royal officials Attempt to make royal officials quit enforcing the taxes

Merchants boycott British goods Nonimportation agreements: Pledges not to buy or use goods imported from Britain Parliament repeals the Stamp Act in 1766 Passes the Declaratory Act the same day Parliament has the right to tax and make decisions for the British colonies “in all cases”

THE TOWNSHEND ACTS 1767 Taxed imported goods such as: Glass Tea Paper Colonists organize another boycott Daughters of Liberty Urge Americans to wear homemade fabrics and produce other goods they need