Electrical Safety The following contains disturbing images and videos. Caution is advised

Applicable Safety Standards OSHA 29 CFR 1910 Subpart S OSHA 29 CFR of Subpart J OSHA 29 CFR of Subpart R OSHA 29 CFR 1926 Subpart K NFPA 70 – NEC NFPA 70B – Recommended Practice for Electrical Equipment Maintenance NFPA 70E – Electrical Safety in the Workplace NFPA 77 – Recommended Practice for Static Electricity NFPA 79 - Electrical Standard for Industrial Machinery

Where Am I Going and Why?

Well Planned Safety Culture Improves Employee Productivity Lowers Insurance Costs Meets Government Requirements Saves Organizations Money

Safety Standard Goals Provide an electrically safe work place! Minimize arc flash and blast hazards Minimize shock hazards Define “acceptable” tasks Evaluate our Electrically Qualified Personnel Work only on Electrically Safe Equipment.

1.Fall protection, construction (29 CFR )29 CFR Hazard communication standard, general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Scaffolding, general requirements, construction (29 CFR )29 CFR Respiratory protection, general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Powered industrial trucks, general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Control of hazardous energy (lockout/tagout), general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Ladders, construction (29 CFR )29 CFR Electrical, wiring methods, components and equipment, general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Machinery and Machine Guarding, general requirements (29 CFR )29 CFR Electrical systems design, general requirements, general industry (29 CFR )29 CFR Most Cited OSHA Violations

Why are we doing this? Over 2000 people are admitted to burn centers each year due to electrical arc flash burns. The temperature can reach 35,000°F. The pressure wave can exceed thousands of pounds per square foot. Projectiles can be expelled at 700mph. Vaporized Copper Expands at a Ratio of 67,000:1 Approximately 400 electrical related fatalities per year

Key Program Components Energy Control Procedures Written Safety Program Qualified Personnel Hazard Analysis Arc Flash Study Training PPE If one part of the Program is out of balance. It will collapse.

Comprehensive LOTO Procedures Equipment specific LOTO procedures are needed for any item with more than TWO energy sources (regardless of type).

LOTO The ONLY safe electrical equipment is de-energized equipment. Electrical LOTO must be completed with a meter. Verify using the 3 step LDL (Live Dead Live) method if electrical work is involved.

What Is A Qualified Person? Someone who has demonstrated the knowledge, skills, and expertise to work on and around energized equipment. They shall understand all the equipment’s modes of operation and installation requirements. NFPA 70E-2015

Written Safety Program Key Components Define Qualified Personnel Requirements Reference LOTO procedures and schedule for reviewing procedures Appendix for Equipment Specific LOTO procedures Define acceptable tasks Plant Production Personnel Electrically Qualified Personnel Describe training guidelines and intervals Care of PPE and tools

Hazard Analysis What type of facility are we? Manufacturing, Health Care, Hospitality, Mining, Petrochemical What tasks do our qualified personnel complete? Troubleshooting, programming, inspections Frequency of those tasks. Contributing factors. Confined space, flammable surroundings, etc Outside Contractors? Arc Flash, Arc Blast, Shock or Fire

Arc Flash Study Collect field data Determine which evaluation method will be use Update site electrical drawings Create a model of the system to evaluate worst case arc flash situations Professional Engineer evaluates the results Generate equipment labels Recommend mitigation options

Software Model

Current Electrical One-Line Drawings must be current and accurate.

Hazard Labeling Proper labeling must include AF energy, Boundary and Voltage

Training Factors impacting arc flash intensity Proper Use of PPE Arc Rated vs Flame Retardant Impact of Electricity on the Human Body Explain information on Arc Flash Labels Boundaries Calories /cm 2

Explanation of the Boundaries

Insulated Tools

Selecting Appropriate PPE Fabric Choice Environmental Factors Production Related Considerations Select Testing Lab Buy or Lease Clothing If you lease want will the provider do for repairs, contamination, etc.

NFPA 70E PPE Guidelines 2015 Requirements Class (Category) Calories /cm² Typical Personal Protective Equipment Required For All Classes: Safety Glasses, Hearing Protection, and Hand Protection 10-4Fire Resistant (FR) shirt and pants 24-8FR shirt and pants, cotton underwear, arc flash face shield, and leather work boots layer FR clothing or flash suit, cotton underwear, flash hood, and leather work boots FR shirt and pants, multilayer flash suit w/ flash hood, cotton underwear, and leather work boots

Class 1 PPE Example Single Layer of Arc Rated FR Clothes (ATPV 4cal/cm 2 ) Safety Glasses Hearing Protection Hand Protection

Class 2 PPE Example Single Layer of Arc Rated FR Clothes ATPV 8cal/cm 2 Cotton Undergarment Safety Glasses Arc Flash Face Shield Hearing Protection Leather Work Boots Hand Protection Arc Rated Balaclava *

Class 3 PPE Example Multi Layer Flash Suit (ATPV 25cal/cm 2 ) Flash Hood Cotton Undergarment Safety Glasses Hearing Protection Hand Protection Leather Work Boots

Class 4 PPE Example Multi Layer Flash Suit (ATPV 40cal/cm 2 ) Flash Hood Cotton Undergarment Safety Glasses Hearing Protection Hand Protection Leather Work Boots

Safety Watch Job is to observe the activities and render aid to the qualified person within the arc flash boundary should it be needed.

Situational PPE Each job may bring about new PPE requirements based upon the situation

What does NFPA 70E mean to you? PPE requirements for you to follow for your jobs. Safe Work Practices to follow. Additional Training Work restricted to “qualified” personnel. Schedule repairs when equipment may be de- energized Contractors MUST meet or exceed your Safety Programs

Sample Arc Flash

Typical Arc Flash Burn Only you can put your PPE on.

Potential Fatal Current The threshold for perception is about 100 microamps ( Amps). National Electrical Code (NEC) considers 5 milliamps (0.005 Amps) to be a safe upper limit 30 milliamps (0.03 Amps) is considered a potentially fatal current for humans *Assumes AC power at 60Hz. DC requires about 10x as much.

Shock Hazards NFPA and OSHA both require us to control shock hazards as well as arc flash hazards. Working in and around energized electrical equipment is no joking matter

Dielectric Gloves Dielectric Gloves save lives when worn.

So How Do I Do My Job?? Prior to work; determine arc flash & shock hazard. Notify appropriate personnel – check in at all control rooms Complete site safe work permit Secure PPE Add locks after site personnel have begun LOTO. Secure workspace barriers. Ensure proper illumination. Complete task in accordance with safety guidelines.

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