1 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-1 Basic Concepts Chapter 1

2 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter – Study Skills for Success in Mathematics, and Using a Calculator 1.2 – Sets and Other Basic Concepts 1.3 – Properties of and Operations with Real Numbers 1.4 – Order of Operations 1.5 – Exponents 1.6 – Scientific Notation Chapter Sections

3 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-3 Evaluate Exponential Expressions  Factors are the numbers or expressions that are multiplied.  The quantity 3 2 is called an exponential expression. In the expression, the 3 is called the base and the 2 is called the exponent. Example a.) -6 2 = -(6 · 6) = -36 b.) (-6) 2 = (-6)(-6)= 36

4 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-4 Evaluate Square and Higher Roots  The symbol used to indicate a root, √, is called a radical sign.  The number or expression inside the radical sign is called the radicand. Example a.), since 5 · 5 = 25

5 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-5 Order of Operations To evaluate mathematical expressions, use the following order: 1.First, evaluate the expressions within grouping symbols, including parentheses, ( ), brackets  , braces  , and absolute value, | |. If the expression contains nested grouping symbols (one pair of grouping symbols within another pair), evaluate the expression in the innermost grouping symbols first. Continued.

6 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-6 Order of Operations 2.Next, evaluate all terms containing exponents and radicals. 3.Next, evaluate all multiplications or divisions in the order in which they occur, working from left to right. 4.Finally, evaluate all additions or subtractions in the order in which they occur, working from left to right.

7 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-7 Order of Operations Evaluate: · 5 2 – 17 = exponent multiplication addition subtraction · 25 – 17 = = 81 – 17 = 64 Steps Taken

8 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-8 Order of Operations parentheses subtraction exponent addition

9 Copyright © 2015, 2011, 2007 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1-9 Expressions Containing Variables Evaluate: -x 3 –xy – y 2 when x = -2 and y =5