The Nation Expands Newfoundland joins Canada A politician, Joey Smallwood, argued that union with Canada would bring modernization and higher living standards to Newfoundland June 1948 – only 41% of Newfoundlanders favored union with Canada July 1948 – 52% voted for Confederation March 1949 – Newfoundland became a part of Canada

Louis St. Laurent succeeded Mackenzie King in 1948 – a new age of politics was born For the first time, media shaped politics and influenced public opinion ie: media portrayed the Liberal St. Laurent as old and depressed looking. In contrast, they portrayed the Progressive Conservative Diefenbaker as an electrifying man and carried this positive image across Canada to shape people’s opinion of him. He won the next election!

How does the media create a politician’s image?

Term of Office: June 21, 1957 – April 22, 1963 Biography: Father was German, mother was Scottish Became the voice of the Saskatchewan prairie Was a star debater in university Served in WWI as Lieutenant, 105th Saskatoon Fusiliers Became a criminal lawyer played a key role in forcing the apartheid government of South Africa out of the British Commonwealth

Major events during his time in office: Cuban Missile Crisis Cancellation of Avro Arrow NORAD Bomarc Missile Program Universal Health Care Canadian Bill of Rights US president John F. Kennedy and Dief disliked each other. Quiet Revolution

Saw himself as someone who listened to and spoke for ordinary people Believed in “unhyphenated Canadianism” = belief in the equality of all Canadians, no matter their background Had first female cabinet minister

Appointed an Aboriginal senator Gave Canadian “status Indians the right to vote” in federal elections French didn’t appreciate the notion of “unhyphenated Canadianism” as they saw themselves as a distinct cultural unit.

Term of Office: April 22, 1963 – April 20 th, 1968 Biography: Went to University of Toronto and played rugby Served in WWI in Greece and Egypt Worked in the meat packing industry after the war Lived in London during WWII and worked as a government employee helping to coordinate Canadian military supplies and refugee issues Played a part in the founding of the UN and NATO Won the Nobel Peace Prize for his solution to the Suez Crisis

Major events during his time in office: Maple Leaf Flag Vietnam War Quiet Revolution in Quebec FLQ formed Bilingual/bicultural Royal Commission explores treatment of French Canadians Royal Commission explores the status of women Universal Health Care Pension plans Student loans Employment regulations The world’s first race free immigration system Expo ‘67

Appealed to younger, urban, central Canadian voters Believed in severing ties with the British monarchy or influence in Canada Believed Canada needed a distinct identity, encompassing multiculturalism Introduced Canada’s flag (maple leaf) Improved Canada’s social welfare system.

Pearson was committed to build up social welfare programs started by Mackenzie King – He introduced UI (Unemployment Insurance, today EI) 1944 – Family Allowance (baby bonus) 1966 – Canada Pension Plan Canada Assistance Plan (social welfare) Medicare (started in Saskatchewan by Tommy Douglas)

National Medicare (Medical Care Act) – Provincial and Federal governments would share the cost of medical care by doctors and hospitals, with funding coming from taxes – Tommy Douglas is the pioneer of socialist Medicare in Canada Canada’s Medicare system has differentiated us a great deal from the Americans.