The Principles of the United States Constitution Summary Guide to Text Chapter 3-1

I. Popular Sovereignty The people hold the ultimate authority “Consent of the governed” A representative democracy lets the people elect leaders to make decisions for them. Senators Marco Rubio and Bill Nelson are two of our elected officials in Congress Can you give an example of a document or government action that illustrates this principle?

II. Limited Government Framers wanted to guard against tyranny Government is limited to the power given them in the Constitution (delegated powers). These powers are further limited by federalism and separation of powers. The Constitution tells how leaders who overstep their power can be removed (checks and balances) Historic example (way before the Constitution): the Magna Carta (1215 AD) when the king of England was forced to obey the (rule of )law too! Can you give an example of a document or government action that illustrates this principle?

IV. Protect Minority by Guaranteeing certain rights for all Individuals Prevent the majority from denying basic rights from all individuals. Can you give an example of a document or government action that illustrates this principle?

Social Contract Natural Rights (Enlightenment Thinker) John Locke

Separation of Powers (Enlightenment Thinker) Montesquieu

III. Majority Rule The people accept the decision of the majority vote (without abusing the minority). Can you give an example of a document or government action that illustrates this principle?

Social Contract Natural Rights (Enlightenment Thinker) John Locke

Limited Government Popular Sovereignty Majority Rule Protect individual rights Consent of the governed Rule of Law Separation of powers Safeguard liberty/ freedom Federalism Checks & Balances 3 Branches Montesquieu Magna Carta “We the People” Mayflower Compact Social contract Locke Bill of Rights Natural Rights Locke Decisions based on the will of the most people Elections