TURKEY RE PRODUCTION

By the end of 2013, our country renewable energy sources established of installed power %40 with MW.

In Turkey, in height 50 meters above ground level and higher than 7.5 m / s wind speed in areas per square kilometer of 5 MW wind power plant can be established has been adopted. In the light of these assumptions, medium-sized numerical weather prediction models and micro scale wind flow model produced using which provides information on Wind Energy Potential Atlas (REPA) was prepared. 48,000 MW of wind energy potential in Turkey is defined as.

YearsInstalled Power Output MW557 TWh MW7.518 GWh &nm=384&id= and 2013 Turkey's Wind Energy Capacity and the Output Power

Turkey has the 10. wind power production rank in the EC. Turkey wind power installed capacity ( MW)

Turkey's average annual sunshine duration is 2640 hours (daily total of 7.2 hours), average total radiation intensity of 1311 kWh / m²-year (daily total of 3.6 kWh / m²) were found to be. Table 1 Monthly Average Solar Energy Potential of Turkey Source: General Directorate of EIE MONTHSMONTHLY TOTAL SOLAR ENERGY (Kcal/cm2-month) (kWh/m2-month) SUNSHINE DURATION (Hours / month) January4,4551,75103,0 February5,4463,27115,0 March8,3196,65165,0 April10,51122,23197,0 May13,23153,86273,0 June14,51168,75325,0 July15,08175,38365,0 August13,62158,40343,0 September10,60123,28280,0 October7,7389,90214,0 November5,2360,82157,0 December4,0346,87103,0 Total112, The average308,0 cal/cm2- day 3,6 kWh/m2-day7,2 hour/day

Table 2. Total Annual Turkey's Solar Energy Potential Distribution by Region Source: General Directorate of EIE REGIONTOTAL SOLAR ENERGY (kWh / m2-year) SUNSHINE DURATION (hours / year) SOUTHEAST ANATOLIA MEDITERRANEAN EASTERN ANATOLIA CENTRAL ANATOLIA AEGEAN MARMARA BLACK SEA

SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC The technical evaluations of the applications made to EMRA for the licensed generation of electricity in 2013 are currently being carried out, and photovoltaic plant licenses will be given to 600 MW of installed capacity at this first stage. This capacity will be increased in stages in the coming years, with the target Ministry of Energy being a minimum of 3000 MW installed capacity of license PV plants in yearsInstalled Power MW Output GW.h End of June ~ 79,7 GWh

GEOTHERMAL ENERGY Turkey, has got relatively high geothermal energy for is located on the Alphine-Himalayan belt is a country. Theoretical geothermal potential of 31,500 MW. Turkey electricity potential can be produced with geothermal energy is about 2,000 Mwe is estimated theoretically. We are available 13 geothermal energy plant, our installed power reached MW YearsGross Electricity Generation GWh End of December

Map of Turkey volcanic activity and geothermal resources Geological formation in our country situated in the Alpine- Himalayan mountain belt, which was won in the period in which very young tectonic structure and have had fractures due to volcanic activity are rich in geothermal resources in terms of location.

BIOGAS The amount of biogas that can be produced in Turkey, considering its animal waste potential, is reported as 1,5 to 2 MTEP. Our biomass sources include agriculture, forests, animals, organic urban waste, etc. While our waste potential is around 8,6 million tons equivalent of petroleum (TEP), 6 million TEP is used for heating. YearsPrimary production KTOE Electricity output GWh ,223 Total biogas potential is about 25 million kWh.

SECTORTHEORETICAL BIOGAS POTENTIAL [PJ/yıl] Technical Biogas Potential [PJ / year] Agriculture Animal Husbandry 144,478,4 Of agricultural wastes305,336,1 Power Plants325,181,3 Agriculture- Industry Wastes 16,614,8 Municipal Waste22,011,0 Total (energy crops)813,4221,5 Total (without energy crops) 488,3140,3 Total (without energy crops, and stalk) 211,6112,6

Turkey’s Renewable Energy Support (YEK) Mechanism is finally in place with the enactment of amendments to Law No Accordingly, power plants that have come into operation since 18 May 2005 or will come into operation before 31 December 2015 will be eligible to receive the following feed-in tariffs for the first ten years of their operation. The Cabinet will decide on the incentives that will be given to power plants that come into operation after 31 December In addition, if the mechanical or electro-mechanical equipment of the power plant is produced locally, a premium shall be added to the feed- in tariffs during the first five years of operation. Turkey’s Renewable Energy Support Mechanism

Incentives other than feed-in tariffs for renewable energy investments Incentives within the Renewable Energy Law (No. 5346) Assigning of land belonging to the Treasury and “land at the disposal of the state” to renewable energy projects. 85% discount in easement, usufruct, permit or lease fees for the first 10 years of operation. Use of national parks, nature parks, natural protection areas, preservation forests, wildlife cultivation areas and special nature preservation areas with necessary permits. Exemption from the compulsory 1% turnover payment for operating business on immovable assets of the Treasury.

Incentives within the Electricity Market Licensing Regulation (No ) 99% exemption from licensing fee and annual license fees for the first 8 years of operation Priority in system connection Tax Incentives within the Cabinet Decree on State Aid Investments (No. 2009/15199) VAT exemption for domestic equipment for Investment Support Certificate holders VAT, Customs Tax, Resource Support Utilisation Fund payment exemptions in imports for Investment Support Certificate holders Incentives within the Law Regarding the Support of Research and Development Activities (No. 5746) R&D deduction (deduction of R&D expenditures from corporate tax base at a rate of 100%) Income Tax exemption (80% of salary income for eligible R&D and support personnel), Social Security Premium support for 5 years, Stamp Tax exemption

Type of power plant facility Feed in tariffMaxımum local productıon premium Maximum possible tariff Hydroelectric PP $7.3 cents/kWh$2.3 cents/kWh $9.6 cents/kWh Wind PP$7.3 cents/kWh$3.7 cents/kWh$11 cents/kWh Geothermal PP$10.5 cents/kWh$2.7 cents/kWh$13.2 cents/kWh Biomass PP(including landfill) $13.3 cents/kWh$5.6 cents/kWh$18.9 cents/kWh Solar PV PP$13.3 cents/kWh$6.7 cents/kWh$20 cents/kWh Concentrating Solar PP $13.3 cents/kWh$9.2 cents/kWh$22.5 cents/kWh Feed-in Tariff Mechanism In Turkey

TURKEY RENEWABLE ENERGY EMPLOYMENT " The average is needed 12 runs for 1 megawatt power generation from wind energy. Wind energy in 2023 is expected to employ 240 thousand people when the vehicle reaches its destination. Solar energy installation, operation, maintenance, and for the system of production of approximately 200 thousand people by 2020, directly or indirectly, is expected to be employed. "