Akbar Rahman Juan Carlos Zúñiga Guang Lu IETF 78, July P2P Streaming for Mobile Nodes: Scenarios and Related Issues

Introduction The scenarios where P2P streaming networks contain Mobile Nodes require special consideration of the mobile device capabilities: Uplink vs. Downlink Bandwidth Battery Power Multiple Interfaces Processing Power Geo-Targeting Etc.

Uplink vs. Downlink Bandwidth Often mobile devices have asymmetrical bandwidth capabilities where typically throughput is higher on the downlink (to the mobile) than the uplink (from the mobile) Also many mobile networks (e.g. 2G and 3G cellular) have policies to assign bandwidth in this asymmetrical manner regardless of the capabilities of the mobile node This bandwidth asymmetry should be considered for the Peer- Peer chunk (content) transfer protocol, and may also impact the Tracker-Peer protocol (e.g. as part of Peer status parameters reported to the Tracker)

Battery Power By definition, a mobile node is often disconnected from the electrical grid and runs on its own battery power In this scenario, the user may be willing to participate in a P2P streaming video session when the user, for example, is herself watching the content However, as soon as the user is no longer watching the video then the mobile device may need to stop participating in the P2P session (or otherwise the battery drain will be too severe) Battery power (or battery status) of a mobile node should be considered in both the Peer-Peer and the Tracker-Peer protocol (e.g. as part of Peer status parameters reported to the Tracker and other Peers)

Geo-Targeting Geo-Targeting is a technique used to determine the physical location (geo-location) of a user. The geo-location of a user may be determined by GPS, Cellular base station ID, or most commonly IP address Depending on the location, content providers may apply different rules. For example: Some content (e.g. TV program) can only be viewable in selected countries (i.e. white/black lists or black-outs) However, mobility may hide the true IP location of a device. For example: Proxy Mobile IP provides the LMA IP address to the Tracker Corporate VPNs may provide a server IP address to the Tracker Etc.

MULTIPLE INTERFACES (AND PEER IP MOBILITY) Detailed Scenario 6

Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) Logical P2P Overlay Network Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1AN2 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 WiFi3G cellular DSL …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1AN2 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP2IP Addresses - DSLWiFi3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP Addresses - DSL 1) Peer 1 sends “Join” to Tracker to join P2P network 3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP Addresses - DSL 2) Tracker stores IP address (IP1) as part of Peer 1 record 1) Peer 1 sends “Join” to Tracker to join P2P network 3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP Addresses - DSL 3) Peer 1 sends “GET” to fetch content from Peer 2 3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP Addresses - DSL 4) Peer 2 stores IP address (IP1) as destination for some content chunks 3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1AN2 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP2IP Addresses - DSL 5) IP address of Peer 1 changes as a result of mobility (e.g. via DHCP update) WiFi3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1AN2 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 6) Peer-Peer communication should update all nodes of IP address change (or else Peer 2 will incorrectly send chunks to IP1) Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP2IP Addresses - DSLWiFi3G cellular …

Physical Network Multiple Interfaces (and Peer IP Mobility) AN1AN2 Logical P2P Overlay Network Internet AN3 7) Tracker-Peer communication should capture IP address change (or else will have corrupted Peer Lists containing incorrect IP address for Peer 1) Tracker Peer 1 (Mobile Device) Peer 2 IP1IP3IP2IP Addresses - DSLWiFi3G cellular … 6) Peer-Peer communication should update all nodes of IP address change (or else Peer 2 will incorrectly send chunks to IP1)

Conclusions & Next Steps (1/2) The scenarios where P2P streaming networks contain mobile nodes require special consideration to deal with issues such as: Uplink vs. downlink bandwidth asymmetry Battery status Change of Peer IP address (possibly rapidly/frequently) Geo-Targeting Scenarios shown with centralized Tracker architecture, but apply equally to distributed DHT type architecture

Conclusions & Next Steps (2/2) The PPSP WG should consider: Adding these mobility requirements in the “requirements” document Developing solutions to explicitly support mobility in the design of both Tracker-Peer and Peer-Peer protocols

THANK YOU