1. Rev A8/8/021 ABC Networks Per.Johansson@ericsson.com

2. Rev A8/8/022 ABC Research Discussion Where we are today -- “ABC 1.0” –ABC Research topics A proposed “ABC 3.0” as goal –Define requirements –“Sustainable” research topics… –Be used! All Adaptive Systems activities invited to use the ABC testbed –Content adaptation/adaptive video –Packet scheduling (QoS) support –Low pwr routing Steps of ABC development -- 1.0 => 2.0 => 3.0... –Near term ABC research issues –Actively involve people (students)

3. Rev A8/8/023 ABC testbed today -- ABC 1.0 Discovers and Selects the “best” access for one terminal Mobility for a mobile client (TCP only) Cellular Data WLAN LAN IP Transit “ABC Client” “Content&Apps Network” “Service Network” “ABC Server” Network Computing Resources Cellular WLAN LAN Ethernet

4. Rev A8/8/024 ABC Research Issues Access Discovery –Discover available access networks and/or access devices –Determine their characteristics: IP connectivity to mobility server, network technology, cost, bandwidth, quality of service, power consumption, access network operator, security level, coverage, etc. –Define a general set of parameters to easily include new types of access networks –How to retrieve these? Where are they stored? Who gets access to them? Access Selection –Make selection of the “best” access and/or device –Policies or algorithms to combine access/device characteristics, application requirements, user preference, and operator policies –Who makes the decision? Where (user, device network)? –Prototyping in ABC: Access wizard/agent, profile server (API) Single-logon –Logon to ONE access network -- Roaming takes care of “next” access –Based on an AAA infrastructure –ABC prototype: Use SIM card based authentication for Cellular WLAN roaming

5. Rev A8/8/025 ABC Research Issues Mobility Management –Session continuity between access networks (e.g. Mobile IP, Session layer mobility) –Session transfer between devices (e.g. application states between devices) –Simultaneous use of several access networks for the same application flow (e.g. performance and security reasons) –Single logon security mechanisms need to be closely integrated with mobility –ABC prototype: Session layer mobility (session continuity) and simple single logon. Content Adaptation –Application content needs to adapt to choice of access network and device –Make use of access discovery parameters (e.g. in profile database) to adapt content dynamically –How should this information be accessed by applications (server and clients)? –ABC prototype: APIs provided through the profile server –What type of API? Security aspects?

6. Rev A8/8/026 Proposed ABC 3.0 Discovers and Selects the “best” access for an entire network –What’s the impact on ABC functionality? Cellular WLAN LAN IP Transit “Content&Apps Network” “Service Network” “ABC Server” Network Computing Resources Cellular WLAN LAN “ABC PAN” PAN: device and access dynamics, local/external traffic, PAN-PAN… “ABC MANET” MANET(ietf): low pwr networking (routing, applications etc.), mix mobile/static nodes “ABC NEMO” NEMO (ietf): Mobile networks, mobile routers, nested mobility (PAN in NEMOs)

7. Rev A8/8/027 ABC PAN Any device in the PAN uses the best access network –Typical Two-hops (PDA - phone - network) –PAN connectivity may be on Bluetooth or 802.11b Mix of local and external PAN traffic Architecture and its impact on ABC functionality? “ABC PAN” Cellular WLAN PAN acts as ethernet-like segment based on Bluetooth (BNEP) or WLAN (ad-hoc mode) Networking based on Zeroconf functionality –Access devices act as small routers –Local traffic on link-local (autoconfig) IP addresses –External traffic uses routable (dynamic) addresses Access Discovery and Selection one hop away? Mobility Mgmt: mobility to access or end device ? Security: Single Logon from a PAN? Content adaptation: Device and access dynamics? Cellular WLAN R R

8. Rev A8/8/028 ABC MANET Surveillance type ad-hoc network with internet connectivity –Example: Low power, battery driven, semi-static nodes (mix of low pwr cameras, gateways, ad-hoc routers) updating surveillance server(s) in the network –Peer-to-peer radio: mix of Bluetooth and WLAN –Gateways: Cellular, WLAN, Fixed access Common power budget for applications and communications –Power aware video coding and routing where network lifetime essential Impact on ABC functionality: –How is the “best” access (gateway) Discovered and Selected several hops away? –Mobility: maintain session when “best” gateway changes? Combination of ad-hoc routing and IP/session mobility? Asymmetric flows? –Security: VPN-like network (encryption+authentication) –Content adaptation: power aware (#hops, processing, quality) “ABC MANET” Cellular WLAN LAN Cellular WLAN LAN IP Transit “Content&Apps Network” “Service Network” “ABC Server” Network Computing Resources Cellular WLAN LAN Surveillance server

9. Rev A8/8/029 ABC NEMO (Network Mobility) Single users or PANs connect to mobile networks (train, airplane etc.) –WLAN for local and cellular for external connectivity –The NEMO contains a Mobile Router (co-located FA with routing capabilities) –“Hides” away mobility from the NEMO users (e.g. through Mobile IP tunneling) –Nested mobility for MIP clients in the NEMO (tunnel in tunnel) Impact on ABC functionality: ABC primarily used by the NEMO provider? –Discover and Select “best” connection for the Mobile Router –Interaction with ABC users in NEMO? –Peer-to-peer communication in NEMO? –Mobility: maintain sessions of several users/PANs. Scheduling issues? –Security: Each user part of separate VPNs “ABC NEMO” MR

10. Rev A8/8/0210 General ABC Architecture for best connected networks? Common functionality found in all scenarios –Discover and Select access over multiple hops –Maintain sessions when “new” access (gateway) is selected hops away from end device –Security extends beyond one device (a private PAN or entire private MANET) –Aggregate of users within one “ABC service” (NEMO provider) –Content adaptation must consider flows passing additional low rate links and thin nodes Make use of existing solutions -- bits and pieces are out there –IETF specify IP protocols for Zeroconf, MANET, and NEMO –IEEE 802.11b p2p/infrastructure mode –Bluetooth PANs enable IEEE-like networking (BNEP) –ABC will require integration of several solutions

11. Rev A8/8/0211 Next steps for ABC? Make ABC useful for other Adaptive systems activities ASAP! –Begin with current ABC 1.0 Define an extended ABC architecture to support “ABC networks” –What functionality is important for future studies? Implement an “ABC 2.0” that covers a subset of the network functions –Next step in functionality for Adasys activities using ABC? –A first step could be a PAN-like extension to current ABC... How do we do this? –Form a specific ABC group? –...or become part of existing adasys activity? –Define ABC oriented student projects to study and develop pieces for ABC?