The U.S. Constitution Convention – 1787 Ratified – 1789 Bill of Rights – 1791 New Jersey Plan Virginia Plan (James Madison) – Checks/Balances Slavery – 3/5s compromise, ended slave trade in Opposition – Anti-Federalists Support – Federalists – Madison, Hamilton, John Jay

Washington/Adams Washington shaped the early government Cabinet Jefferson (State), Hamilton (Treasury) Jefferson/Madison – strict constructionists Development of political parties (Federalists/Jeffersonian-Republicans) Jay’s Treaty(1794) Washington’s Farewell Address

Whiskey Rebellion Alien/Sedition Acts Virginia/Kentucky Resolutions XYZ Affair Hamilton’s economic plan National Bank Assumption

The Jeffersonian Republic “Revolution of 1800” Strict interpretation of the Constitution Reduction of the role of the federal gov. Reality forced him to moderate these goals. Reforms – cut national debt, reduced army John Marshall Marbury v. Madison Louisiana Purchase – ran contrary to T.J.’s principles

Embargo Act (1807) – “peaceable coercion” Relations between the U.S./Europe worsened.

Transportation National Road ( ) Erie Canal (1825) 1830s – thousands of miles of canals 1830s/40s – Became apparent that canals were unprofitable. 1850s – steamships Railroads – first built in 1830s, took off after the Civil War. Highway Act of 1956

Jacksonian Democracy 1824 – John Quincy Adams, Henry Clay, “Corrupt Bargain” Election of 1828 – new era of mass democracy Rise of the democratic party Spoils System Indian Removal (Trail of Tears) Worcester v. Georgia Nullification Crisis (Tariff of Abominations) Bank War Whigs